1. Submission July 2012 Jaesang Cha, Seoul National Univ. of Science&Tech. Slide 1 Project: IEEE 802.15 LED(Light Emitting Diode) Interest Group (IG-LED) Submission Title: [LED-based Hybrid Techniques for High-performance Positioning Systems] Date Submitted: [17 th July, 2012] Source: [Jaesang Cha, Daeho Kim, Jinyoung Kim, Kyesan Lee, Sangkook Han, Yong Hwan Son, Yeong Min Jang and S. O. Han] [Seoul National University of Science & Technology, Kwangwoon University, Kyunghee University, Yonsei University, Kookmin University, Korea Photonics Research Institute] Address : [Seoul National University of Science & Technology, Seoul, Korea] Voice: [82-2-970-6431], FAX: [82-2-970-6123], E-Mail:[chajs@seoultech.ac.kr] Re: [] Abstract:[LED-based hybrid/switching techniques are introduced in the presentation.] Purpose:[Contribution to IEEE 802.15 IG-LED] Notice:This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE 802.15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by IEEE 802.15 doc.: IEEE 15-12-0398-00-0led

2. SubmissionSlide 2 Contents What is LED-based hybrid system? LED-based Hybrid & switching system VLC/RF hybrid technology for positioning Data hybrid technology based on LED Communication Hybrid Sensor technology for LED applications Conclusion July 2012 Jaesang Cha, Seoul National Univ. of Science&Tech.

3. SubmissionSlide 3 What is LED-based Hybrid System? July 2012 Jaesang Cha, Seoul National Univ. of Science&Tech. LED-based hybrid & switching system -Uses conventional IT technologies in other field -Improves the efficiency of LED-based communications and services (positioning, communication, smart lighting control, etc.) Conventional IT technologies for switch & hybrid system -RF technology for positioning -Data hybrid technology (Watermarking) -Sensor technology (image and ultrasonic sensor) -IR communication It is possible to improve performance through various LED-based hybrid systems

4. SubmissionSlide 4 LED-based Hybrid & Switching System July 2012 Jaesang Cha, Seoul National Univ. of Science&Tech. Advantages  Highlights advantages of existing technology and compensates weakness  Variety of applications  High-resolution solutions (Accurate location, position recognition )  provide seamless services Weakness  High Cost  High Complexity Hybrid system has many advantages, yet it also has some weakness. Essential to consider trade-off in the system!

5. SubmissionSlide 5 VLC/RF Hybrid Technology for Positioning July 2012 Jaesang Cha, Seoul National Univ. of Science&Tech. Positioning based on VLC has constraints of FOV : seamless service is not possible In case of VLC, high-resolution positioning is possible. On the other hand, RF is not good for high-resolution positioning. By integrating VLC and RF, both seamless service and high-precision positioning are possible. VCL/RF hybrid system has many advantages over non-hybrid systems

6. SubmissionSlide 6 July 2012 Jaesang Cha, Seoul National Univ. of Science&Tech. By using VLC and RF technology for positioning together, it is possible to expand the coverage for positioning. Indoor positioning using WPAN, WLAN ( ex: IEEE 802.15.4 CSS, IEEE 802.11) Possible outdoor positioning using broadcasting signal (DTV, T-DMB ) Positioning and communication coverage can be increased by using VLC/RF hybrid VLC/RF Hybrid Technology for Positioning

7. SubmissionSlide 7 Data Hybrid Technology based on LED Communication July 2012 Jaesang Cha, Seoul National Univ. of Science&Tech. Integration of source and additional data Additional data (location information) is transmitted in a low-level amplitude (Watermarking method) Transmits additional data using spreading codes Additional data (location information) is detected by peak of ACF of despreading Watermarking scheme is possible to transmit the additional data effectively

8. SubmissionSlide 8 July 2012 Jaesang Cha, Seoul National Univ. of Science&Tech. Basic Modulation based on OOK (On-Off Keying) Additional data are mapped using spreading code. Detects light signal using photodiode for communication Uses a peak value and demapping tool for additional data (location data) demodulation Watermarking scheme employs OOK modulation and spread spectrum technics for the hybrid data transmission Data Hybrid Technology based on LED Communication

9. SubmissionSlide 9 Sensor Hybrid Technology for LED Applications July 2012 Jaesang Cha, Seoul National Univ. of Science&Tech. It is possible to provide a seamless service based on LED lighting using object tracking technology Sensors for object tracking : image sensor, ultrasonic sensor, infrared sensor, RF sensor, etc. Additionally, lighting and dimming control is possible by control of R, G, B components A seamless lighting service can be implemented using object tracking technology based on sensors (Image, Infrared, Ultrasonic, etc.)

10. SubmissionSlide 10 July 2012 Jaesang Cha, Seoul National Univ. of Science&Tech. Image sensor attached to smart devices can be used LED tracking possible by image processing LED-based high-resolution positioning Separated devices for positioning are not necessary Positioning is possible using a smart device’s applications Simple use of a positioning service by image sensors in smart devices. A positioning technology based on LED-tracking using image sensors. Sensor Hybrid Technology for LED Applications

11. SubmissionSlide 11 July 2012 Jaesang Cha, Seoul National Univ. of Science&Tech. Conclusion - Synergy from the convergence of various IT technologies - Various advantages of the LED-based hybrid system - Trade-offs in the design of the LED-based hybrid system - The LED-based hybrid system is necessary for high-efficiency, high-performance, high-resolution and high-coverage applications - More researches are needed for the further development of LED technologies