1. Emilia Franziska Müller, MdEP Hanns Seidel Stiftung Korea Hanns Seidel Foundation Electronic Working Paper 03-03

2. Emilia Franziska Müller, MdEP Corea-Trip 2003 Women in Business

3. Improved situation for women ymore and more women are working yincreasing number of well educated women ywomen want to be independent ywomen give up their typical role as housewives and mothers ymany double-income families

4. Women in Business... some figures Qualification z54% of the pupils who get their school-leaving exams are girls zin the European Union: 107 women per 100 men have a professional degree zin Portugal: 134 women per 100 men zin Germany: only 84 women per 100 men

5. Women in Business Female employment rate zon average 50% of women in the EU are working (72,5% of men) zgeographically differed yin the Nordic member states: nearly as many women as men are employed yin Spain and Great Britain: 30% less women than men are employed yin Germany: 17.7% zAt the summit of the EU in Lisbon 2001 the member states decided: until 2010 female employment rate should be increased up to 60%.

6. Women in Business gender pay gap on the EU-average women earn 25% less money than men zin Denmark: women earn only 8% less than men zin Germany: 27% zin Portugal, Greece and the Netherlands: 30%

7. Women in management positions Very few women are managers, although their grades are often better than the men´s one. zonly 8% of the top-managers are women geographically differed: yin France: 20% of the top-managers are women yin Great-Britain: 16% yin Germany: only 11%

8. Women as entrepreneurs only 8% of working women are self employed in the EU (16% men) zin Italy and Greece: 15% zin the Nordic States: only 5% the number of self employed women decreased over the last 10 years

9. Politics for women as entrepreneurs Many countries want to encourage women to become self employed National examples: zGreat Britain: - training for self employment for women who start working again zGermany: - program “starter´s money” - special network for female entrepreneurs zSweden: - training and workshops WOW-program (Winning Opportunities for women) - Credit-programs - own bank for female entrepreneurs

10. European Politics for women as managers and entrepreneurs The European Union encourages special programs to complete national efforts: zEuropean Social founds - ESF zEuropean program - EQUAL (against discrimination on labour market) especially for female managers and entrepreneurs

11. Compatibility of job and family Nowadays: zit´s the women´s goal to combine family and job zwomen mainly work in part time jobs zGuidelines of the EU, i.e. ylegal protection of expectant mothers: at least 14 weeks of paid maternity leave with guaranteed protection against unlawful dismissal yday care facilities for children: extend offer of public day care centres  European Commission monitors enforcement of guidelines homejob

12. Initiatives for women in Germany Financial support for mothers: yMaternity leave yFamily allowance : –150€ per month, –until age 24 yFederal child-rearing allowance –max. 307 € per month, depending on the income –for 2 years yBavarian child-rearing allowance –during the 3rd year of maternity leave yGuaranteed place in the kindergarten from 3 -6 years

13. Children´s care - possibilities in %