1. Introduction
Smoking is one of the worst things kids or adults can do to their bodies. Yet every single day nearly 4,400 kids between the ages 12 and 17 start smoking.

2. Tobacco Use in the United States
Nearly 443,000 Americans die annually of tobacco-related diseases.
Another 10 million suffer tobacco-induced health disorders.
Tobacco causes about 25 diseases, and about half of all regular smokers die of smoking-related diseases.

3. Tobacco Use Worldwide: 3,000,000 deaths annually one every 10 sec
1 billion people smoke about 6 trillion cigarettes a year

4. Tobacco and Social Issues
Advertising
$35 million is spent daily on advertising and promotion.
Campaigns are directed at everyone, but about 90% are directed at children and teens.
Financial Costs to Society
Tobacco use causes more than $193 billion in annual health-related economic issues.
For each smoker, the cost is about $3,391 per year.

5. Why do tobacco companies target kids?
Tobacco industry “needs” to replace 3,000 smokers who die or quit each day
Very small percentage of smokers begin after teens

10. College Students and Tobacco Use
Heavy tobacco marketing and advertising is aimed at students, but smoking among college students is declining.
Why do college students smoke?
To relax or reduce stress
To fit in/social pressure
Because of addiction
Weight control
Students diagnosed or treated for depression are 7.5 times more likely to use tobacco

11. College Students and Tobacco Use
Social smoking
Many students identify themselves as social smokers: those that smoke only around other smokers.
This can lead to dependence and all the same health risks as smoking regularly.

12. Tobacco and Its Effects
Nicotine
Highly addictive, psychoactive substance
CNS stimulant (produces a variety of physiological effects)
In its natural form, it’s colorless liquid that turns brown upon exposure to air
Tar and Carbon Monoxide
Tar is the carcinogenic particulate matter.
Nicotine paralyzes cilia, which become unable to clear out tar.
Carbon monoxide is a deadly gas that reduces the oxygen-carrying capacity of red blood cells.
Tobacco Addiction
Nicotine poisoning

13. Tobacco and Its Effects
Tar and Carbon Monoxide
Tar is the carcinogenic particulate matter.
Nicotine paralyzes cilia, which become unable to clear out tar.
Carbon monoxide is a deadly gas that reduces the oxygen-carrying capacity of red blood cells.
Tobacco Addiction
Nicotine poisoning
Smoking gets drug to brain
in just few seconds

14. Tobacco Products Cigarettes Cigars Bidis Smokeless tobacco
Switching to low-tar or low-nicotine is self-defeating because the smoker may smoke more.
Clove cigarettes contain 60% tobacco.
Cigars
Contain 23 poisons and 43 carcinogens.
Bidis
Produce 3 times more carbon monoxide and nicotine and 5 times more tar than cigarettes.
Smokeless tobacco
Chewing tobacco
Snuff

18. Health Hazards of Tobacco Products - Cancer
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death.
It can take years to develop and most cases are not diagnosed until the cancer has spread.
Five year survival rate is only 16%.
Smoking just one cigar a day can double the risk of oral cancers.
Chewing tobacco is responsible for 75% of new oral cancers, which can begin as leukoplakia.
Warning signs include lumps in the jaw or neck, color changes or lumps inside the lips, white smooth or scaly patches in the mouth or neck, lips or tongue; a red spot or sore on the lips, gums, or inside the mouth that does not heal in 2 weeks.
Other tobacco-induced cancers: pancreatic, kidney, bladder, lip, tongue, esophagus, and larynx

19. Effects of Smoking on the Body and Health

20. Male smokers die an average of 13.2 years earlier than male nonsmokers
Female smokers die an average of 14.5 years earlier than female nonsmokers

21. Health Hazards of Tobacco Products – Cardiovascular Disease
Smokers have a 70% higher death rate from heart disease than do non-smokers.
Daily cigar smoking doubles the risk of heart attack and stroke.
Bidi smokers are at the same risk.
Smokers are twice as likely to suffer strokes.
Quitting reduces risk by half after only 1 year.

22. Other Health Hazards of Tobacco Products
Respiratory Disorders
Chronic bronchitis
Emphysema
Sexual Dysfunction and Fertility Problems
Males are twice as likely to suffer impotence as are females.
Women are likely to suffer infertility and problems with pregnancy.
Other Health Effects
Gum disease, macular degeneration, premature skin wrinkling, and risk of Alzheimer's disease
Metabolism of drugs affected

23. Non-smoker lungs Smoker lungs

24. Environmental Tobacco Smoke
Mainstream—smoke drawn through tobacco while inhaling
Sidestream—smoke from the burning end of a cigarette or smoke exhaled by a smoker
Contains twice as much tar and nicotine, 5 times more carbon monoxide, and 50 times more ammonia than mainstream smoke.
Causes more deaths a year than any other environmental pollutant.
Every year, ETS is estimated to be responsible for 3,400 lung cancer deaths, 46,000 coronary and heart disease deaths, and 430 SIDs deaths in newborns.

25. Tobacco Use and Prevention Policies
It has been over 40 years since the government recognized the hazard of tobacco use.
In 1998, the tobacco industry reached a Master's Settlement Agreement with 40 states.
The Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act (2009) forbids advertising geared to children, forbids nicotine reduction, and bans sweetened cigarettes.
Smokeless tobacco ads must have a warning that fills 20% of the advertising space.
Cigarette packages will have bigger, stronger warnings after June 22, 2001.

26. Secondhand Smoke Exposure
Is secondhand smoke toxic?
Secondhand smoke contains poisons.
You breathe in more than 4,000 chemicals when you are around someone who is smoking.
The chemicals found in secondhand smoke hurt your health, and many are known to cause cancer.

27. Secondhand Smoke Exposure
What problems does secondhand smoke create for youth?
Secondhand smoke harms children.
Children who are around smoke are more likely to have the following:
Lung problems
Ear infections
Severe asthma

28. Identical twins
Non-smoker Smoker

30. Nicotine dependence Addiction/dependence can’t stop when you want to
continue use, despite clear evidence of harm
clear withdrawal symptoms
nicotine: depressed mood, insomnia, irritability, difficulty concentrating

31. Quitting Smoking Breaking the Nicotine Addiction
Seventy percent attempt to quit a year
Only between 4 and 7% succeed
Nicotine Replacement Products
Nicotine chewing gum
Nicotine patch
Nicotine nasal spray
Nicotine inhaler
Nicotine lozenges

33. ABC News Video: Smash the Ash
Discussion Questions
Why is it so hard for smokers to quit?
How do hand movements reinforce smoking behavior?
Why are advertisements to stop smoking not effective?
What approach does Dr. Oz have to stop smoking?
For what reasons do people quit smoking?
What are some real-world tips to quit smoking?

35. When Smokers Quit

36. Quitting Smoking Breaking the Smoking Habit Benefits of Quitting
Operant conditioning
Self-control therapy
Benefits of Quitting
Many tissues will repair themselves, according to the American Cancer Society.
Gain more energy, sleep better, and feel more alert
Women less likely to bear babies with low birth weight
Can save about $1, per year