1. Erin McWalter and Kathryn Diakiw Computers 8

2.   Help you grow and function  Provide energy  Two types:  Fat-soluble  Stay longer—3 days to 6 months  Water-soluble  Travel through the bloodstream  Found in:  Most foods we eat  Your body makes vitamin K and D  Your body needs 13 vitamins to live Vitamins

3.   Vitamin A  Helps you see in the dark and colour  Found in certain milk, liver, etc.  Vitamin B  More than one; B1, B6, etc.  Helps you make and store energy  Found in whole grains, meat, dairy, etc.  Vitamin C  Helps keep body tissues  Found in citrus fruit, kiwi, etc. Vitamins (cont.)

4.   Vitamin D  Develops strong bones, like teeth  Absorbs calcium  Found in fish, egg yokes, etc.  Vitamin E  protects your cells and tissues  Important for red blood cells  Found in wheat germ, egg yokes, etc.  Vitamin K  Clots your blood if you have a cut  Found in dairy, broccoli, etc. Vitamins (cont.)

5.   Works like vitamins to help us grow  We cannot properly think without them  Types:  Calcium—found in dairy and green vegetables  Iron—found in meat, beans, etc.  Magnesium—found in chocolate, whole grains, etc.  Phosphorus—found in most foods  Potassium—found in dried fruits, bananas, etc.  Zinc—found in whole grains, seafood, etc. Minerals

6.   Calcium  Builds strong bones and teeth  Iron  Helps carry oxygen  Magnesium  Steadies the heart rhythm  Helps muscles and nerves function  keeps bones strong Minerals (cont.)

7.   Phosphorus  Helps form healthy bones  Helps the body make energy  Potassium  Helps with muscle and nervous system function  Maintains the balance of water in the body  Zinc  Helps you grow  Makes a strong immunity system  Heals wounds Minerals (cont.)

8.   Carries oxygen to all the cells of your body  Helps you fight off illness  Helps your brain function  85% of your brain is water  Keeps your heart beating  Keeps us alive  90% of you body is water  A bad case of dehydration can make you sick, or get you killed  Your body can hold on to water for a while Water

9.   Provide energy  Two Types:  Simple (sugars)  Complex (starches)  Four calories/g  Body breaks carbs down into simple sugars  Provides 60% of your daily calories  Contains oxygen, carbon, and hydrogen Carbohydrates

10.   Simple Sugars:  Found in refined sugars like white sugars  Also found in nutritious foods like fruit and milk  Can cause blood sugar to rise  Gives energy for a short time  Starches:  Found in bread, pasta, and rice  Give you energy for a longer time  Contain nutrients and fiber if unrefined (whole grain)  Refined grains (white) have nutrients and fiber removed. Carbohydrates (cont.)

11.   Provides energy  Building blocks of hormones  Help absorb some vitamins  Insulates and protects body  Three types:  Unsaturated fats  Saturated fats  Trans fats  30% of calories come from fat Fat

12.   Unsaturated Fats:  Found in plant foods and fish  May be good to your health  Saturated Fats:  Found in meat, butter, cheese, and milk except skim  Too much causes high cholesterol and increase risk of heart disease  Trans Fats:  Found baked food, margarine etc.  Also cause high cholesterol the risk of heart disease Fat (cont.)

13.   Builds up, maintains, and replaces your tissues  Makes hemoglobin  Part of a red blood cell that carries oxygen  Also help to build up the heart  Two types:  Animal protein  Vegetable Protein  Vegetarians get protein by eating protein-rich vegetable foods Proteins

14.   Body breaks protein into amino acids  There’re 22 amino acids, but your body makes 13 everyday  Animal Protein:  Examples are meat and milk  Contains 9 amino acids  Vegetable Protein:  Does not have 9 amino acids  Protein needs:  Grow as one gets bigger  Level off when one becomes an adult Protein (cont.)

15.   Cleans out your bowels  Makes you feel full  Two types:  Soluble fibres- Found in cranberries  Insoluble fibre- Found in whole wheat and vegetables  Reduces the risk of :  High cholesterol  Obesity  Some cancers  High blood sugar  Diabetes Fibre

16.   Carbs:  http://kidshealth.org/kid/nutrition/food/carb.html http://kidshealth.org/kid/nutrition/food/carb.html  http://www.kscience.co.uk/as/module1/carbohydrates.htm http://www.kscience.co.uk/as/module1/carbohydrates.htm  Fats:  http://kidshealth.org/kid/nutrition/food/fat.html http://kidshealth.org/kid/nutrition/food/fat.html  Protein:  http://kidshealth.org/kid/nutrition/food/protein.html http://kidshealth.org/kid/nutrition/food/protein.html  Fibre:  http://kidshealth.org/parent/growth/feeding/fiber.html http://kidshealth.org/parent/growth/feeding/fiber.html  http://www.bellaonline.com/articles/art49479.asp http://www.bellaonline.com/articles/art49479.asp  Vitamins:  http://kidshealth.org/kid/nutrition/food/vitamin.html http://kidshealth.org/kid/nutrition/food/vitamin.html  http://www.livestrong.com/article/206223-vitamin-facts-for-kids/#ixzz1efIadTZz http://www.livestrong.com/article/206223-vitamin-facts-for-kids/#ixzz1efIadTZz  Minerals:  http://kidshealth.org/teen/misc/mineral_chart.html http://kidshealth.org/teen/misc/mineral_chart.html  Water:  http://wiki.answers.com/Q/How_much_percent_of_your_brain_is_water http://wiki.answers.com/Q/How_much_percent_of_your_brain_is_water  http://kidshealth.org/kid/stay_healthy/food/water.html http://kidshealth.org/kid/stay_healthy/food/water.html Bibliography