1. The Civil War,
Chapter 15

3. North Advantages: Population (immigrants; slaves)
Large industry; financial sectors
Controlled: banks, RR, factories
Block S. from the trading w/the world
Greenbacks—currency

4. North (cont’d)
7. Disadvantages
Offensive war
Occupy the S.
Landlocked

5. II. South Not landlocked Defensive war High troop morale
Highly trained generals

6. South (cont’d) Disadvantages Lack of resources Limited transportation
Cotton demand dropped
Inflation

8. III. Finding Soldiers to Fight
Unionvolunteers at first
1863—Conscription (draft)
New York Draft Riots
Confederacy
Volunteers at first
Draftedwealthy also paid for others to serve

9. IV. Border States & Congress
Lincolnneeded the border states
DE, MD, MO, KYUnion slave states
Some opposed the war
Copperheads (aka Peace Democrats)
Immediate peace w/Conf.

11. V. 1st Large Military Engagement
July 1861, 1st Battle of Bull Run (Manassas)
1st major land battle
Union defeated
“Stonewall” Jackson
N. misjudged S.
N.Long War!!
S.became
complacent

13. VI. Union Plan Gen. Winfield Scott—4 Phase Plan
1st Phase—Anaconda Plan
Union Navy blockade ALL Southern Ports
Block trade & supplies
2nd Phase—Control the Mississippi River
Cut S. in half

14. Union Plan (cont’d) 3rd Phase—March through GA; up to Carolinas
4th Phase—Capture capital at Richmond, VA

15. Second Battle of Bull Run and Antietam
March 1862—Gen. Robert E. Lee
Forced Union Gen. John Pope to retreat
Lee now had 2 major victories
Hoped another would get foreign aid

17. Antietam Antietam—Bloodiest day 22,000 dead
McClellan forced a Lee retreat
McClellan didn’t pursue!! Relieved of duty
Sept. 1862—TURNING POINT—Kept Confederates from getting foreign aid!
Lincoln now had a victory.

20. VIII. Emancipation Proclamation
Jan. 1, 1863.
Gave N. moral justification
England agreed; won’t help the S.
Ex-slaves/free blacks joined Union
54th Mass. Infantry

22. IX. Ironclads Ironclad ships S. CSS Merimac N. USS Monitor
No more wooden ships in U.S. navy

23. X : War Tips to the North
Union loses at Battle of Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville
June 1863—Gettysburg, PA
Bloodiest overall battle of the war
Lee; never again try to attack the N.
Confederate fate sealed at Gettysburg
Won’t get European support; never win again

25. 1863: War Tips to the North (cont’d)
July 4, 1863—Vicksburg, MS
Union (Grant) got control of Miss. River
Gettysburg Address
Jan. 1864—Grant Commander of the Union Army

26. XII. Gen. Sherman Gen. William Tecumseh Sherman Scorched Earth—Burn
& destroy fields, homes,
everything
Force Southerners to
surrender

28. XII. Surrender & Assassination
Pres. Lincolnno peacesurrender!!!
April 9, 1965 Confederate Army surrendered Appomattox Court House
April 14, 1865—Lincoln assassinated by Booth

31. XIII. End of Slavery & Free Blacks
Confiscation Acts
Property used for war seized
Slaves; confiscated
Freed slaves in any rebellious territory
Border states?
13th Amendment—Abolished slavery in the U.S.
Freedmen; 1,000s flocked to the N.
180,000 blacks fought for the Union

33. XIV. Consequences of the War
Generation lost; 620,000
Women: nurses, vet. hospitals, at home, etc.
1865: 4 million new Americans (13th Amend.)
Politics: preserving the Union; federal gov. supreme
American democracy survived

34. Consequences of the War (cont’d)
Economic: Southruined; industrializaiton
N. would try Reconstruction of S. gov.
North: Industrial boom! Many got rich off highly priced necessities
Homestead Act of 1862
160 acres to any family; farm for at least 5 years

35. Homesteaders

36. Consequences of the War (cont’d)
Morrill Land Grant Act of 1862
Federal land for schools
Teach ag. & tech. trades
Pacific Railway Act of 1862
Trans. Railroad
Atlantic-Pacific Ocean