1. Objective: To identify and understand the motives for exploring and the lasting effects that the nations of Europe had on the world.
Essential Question: How have the nations of Europe changed the world following the Age of Exploration?
The Age of Exploration

2. Background: 1450s- 1700s Nations of Europe explore world
 Sail the globe
 Map out oceans and landmasses
Gain might and wealth- control territories they conquer
Superior technology
Conquered people exposed to disease
Nations of Europe gain geographical, navigational & scientific knowledge
Colonization helps European culture become dominant

3. Background Contd: Moral price to pay- at expense of native people
Exploration/ Colonization went with war, greed, prejudice, religious tolerance, and slavery
Many parts of the world remained under European control for 100s of years.

5. Europe’s “Backwardness” Prior to 1450
Why & How did the Europeans become the 1st to explore the world around them?
For centuries less advanced than counterparts in the M.E. and China
Middle Ages- manoralism, Black Death, poor classes
1400s – Limited understanding of world around them (Knew the Mediterranean, Baltic and North Seas)
Africa, M.E. Russia and Atlantic still largely unknown

6. Economic Motives: Primary motivation = economic
During Middle Ages know of wealth of Far East
Mediterranean trade
Crusades
Marco Polo
*** All give Euro. Ideas of China, Indies and Jpn.
-Thirst for silk, spices, fruit, jewels, slaves and metals

7. New Technology: Use loadstone from Chinese to make compasses
Better knowledge of stars (Arabs)
Better navigational tools (astrolabe a& sextant)
Improved naval technology (bigger ships, longer heels)
Gunpowder & Artillery

8. The 1st Wave of Exploration: Spain & Portugal:
Spain and Portugal had knowledge of Mediterranean (wars with Ottomans)
Portugal head around tip of Africa & sail around India
Spain looks for route to China by sailing west Discover Americas & Pacific
By 1520 sail around the globe for the 1st time

9. Prince Henry The Navigator:
Portugal begins Exp. w/ Prince Henry
Attempt to find sea route to India & bypass trades of the Middle East
Claim islands in Atlantic, coastal areas of W. Africa
1400 Bartolomeu Diaz – reaches southern tip names it Cape of Good Hope

10. Spain: Christopher Columbus & The New World:
Spain wants to find own route to Asia
1492 Columbus voyage- sponsored by Ferdinand & Isabella
Columbus sail west in order to reach China- Atlantic is small enough to do so?
Leaves August lands in Caribbean on Oct. 12th 1492
Convinces he found the Indies- Sp. & Port. aware new lands
Amerigo Vespucci formally maps Americas thus -name from him
Line of Demarcation 1493 by Pope

11. Other Explorers: 1488 Portuguese Explorer Vasco de Gama reaches India
1513 Balboa discovers Panama- see both oceans – inspire Magellan
1520 Portuguese Cptn. Ferdinand Magellan sailing for Spain transverse Atlantic – goes around the globe
The Conquistadors: Cortes- the Aztecs, Pizzaro- the Incas
Ponce de Leon- Florida
Spain & Portugal take land in West Africa, the Far East and the New World
Spread of Roman Catholicism
Roots of slavery- when natives in new world die turn to Africa

12. The Northern Wave of Exploration The English, French & Dutch 1500-1600
Use Spanish & Port. Knowledge of New World- rivalry
Search for Northwest passage to China and India through the Arctic

13. Northern Wave Colonization & Exploration:
English
Dutch
French
John Cabot- Northwest Arctic passage
Naval wars with Spanish Armada
Sir Francis Drake
Colonies from Carolinas to Canadian border
Jamestown & Puritans
South Asia
India 1608
British East India Co
1520s
Giovanni Verrazano
Jacques Cartier – St. Lawrence
Canada animal furs
Sam Champlain
Great Lakes & Mississppi
Joliet & Marquette
Robert La Salle
Louisiana
Seize colonies from Portuguese
Dutch East India Co. in Asia
Indonesia- Sumatra, Java
Henry Hudson
1624 New Amsterdam (Manhattan)

14. Links http://www.quia.com/quiz/264141.html Name that Explorer Quiz
Magellan BBC Special

15. Sources
Google Images
BBC