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Imperialism in INDIA Samantha Bent, Maddi Beer, Melissa Ribeiro, Jimmy Joseph
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The Mughal Empire Prior to the British control, India was ruled by Islamic rulers who migrated from the North and seized control large areas of India most of the conquering occurred under the reign of Akbar, or “ Akbar the Great, ” the successful Mughal leader Prior to the British control, India was ruled by Islamic rulers who migrated from the North and seized control large areas of India most of the conquering occurred under the reign of Akbar, or “ Akbar the Great, ” the successful Mughal leader
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India ’ s In Trouble Mughal rulers governed a powerful empire in India for more than 200 years; however, in the mid-1700s, the Mughal empire was collapsing from a lack of strong rulers, allowing the British to take full advantage Mughal rulers governed a powerful empire in India for more than 200 years; however, in the mid-1700s, the Mughal empire was collapsing from a lack of strong rulers, allowing the British to take full advantage
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BRITISH EAST INDIA COMPANY (BEIC) An English joint-stock company that formed in 1600 to develop trade in INDIA and CHINA Traded mainly cotton, indigo dye, and silk Over time, the BEIC came to rule large parts of India, exercising military power and assuming administrative jobs which ultimately benefited Britain ’ s commercial purposes They were able to take control when the Mughals ’ power collapsed An English joint-stock company that formed in 1600 to develop trade in INDIA and CHINA Traded mainly cotton, indigo dye, and silk Over time, the BEIC came to rule large parts of India, exercising military power and assuming administrative jobs which ultimately benefited Britain ’ s commercial purposes They were able to take control when the Mughals ’ power collapsed
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Why India? The British were interested in India for strictly economic benefits! Think back to the Industrial Revolution … Britain needed new markets for cotton clothing, and looked to sell their goods to India ’ s population of about 300 million people India became the major supplier for the world workshop that Britain had made The British were interested in India for strictly economic benefits! Think back to the Industrial Revolution … Britain needed new markets for cotton clothing, and looked to sell their goods to India ’ s population of about 300 million people India became the major supplier for the world workshop that Britain had made
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Convenient Much? The BEIC ’ s main goal was to trade and make more money India ’ s ports allowed the BEIC to set up additional trading posts in Bombay, Madura, and Calcutta ($$$$$) The BEIC ’ s main goal was to trade and make more money India ’ s ports allowed the BEIC to set up additional trading posts in Bombay, Madura, and Calcutta ($$$$$)
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The British Seize Control By 1757, the BEIC was the leading power in India Britain seized control in 1763, and although their main job was to make money, they did try to improve conditions in India Worked to end slavery, built roads, tried to improve the position of women in the family Also tried converting natives into Christians (PROBLEM) By 1757, the BEIC was the leading power in India Britain seized control in 1763, and although their main job was to make money, they did try to improve conditions in India Worked to end slavery, built roads, tried to improve the position of women in the family Also tried converting natives into Christians (PROBLEM)
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Religious Ignorance & the Great Sepoy Mutiny Sepoys were Indian soldiers trained by the British The BEIC required sepoys to serve anywhere, either in India or overseas However, for some Hindus, overseas travel was an offense to their religion The BEIC also passed a law allowing Hindu widows to remarry Hindus viewed both moves as a Christian conspiracy to undermine their beliefs Sepoys were Indian soldiers trained by the British The BEIC required sepoys to serve anywhere, either in India or overseas However, for some Hindus, overseas travel was an offense to their religion The BEIC also passed a law allowing Hindu widows to remarry Hindus viewed both moves as a Christian conspiracy to undermine their beliefs
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The Sepoy Mutiny May 10,1857 - the British issued the Sepoys new rifles, and told them to bite off the tips of the cartridges before loading them into the rifles PROBLEM – rumors were spread that the cartridges were greased with animal fats - either from cows or pigs Hindus considered cows sacred Pigs were forbidden to Muslims May 10,1857 - the British issued the Sepoys new rifles, and told them to bite off the tips of the cartridges before loading them into the rifles PROBLEM – rumors were spread that the cartridges were greased with animal fats - either from cows or pigs Hindus considered cows sacred Pigs were forbidden to Muslims
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A Rebellion Begins Sepoys were outraged at the greased cartridges and rose up against their British officers Rebellion swept across northern India Sepoys took over the cities of Delhi and Kanpur They also brutally massacred British men, women, and children Sepoys were outraged at the greased cartridges and rose up against their British officers Rebellion swept across northern India Sepoys took over the cities of Delhi and Kanpur They also brutally massacred British men, women, and children
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The Aftermath September 20,1857 - the British recaptured Dehli, and eventually Kapur The British also took terrible revenge for their losses, torching villages, women, and slaughtering thousands of innocent Indians September 20,1857 - the British recaptured Dehli, and eventually Kapur The British also took terrible revenge for their losses, torching villages, women, and slaughtering thousands of innocent Indians
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Back to Business… 1858 – Parliament ended the rule of the BEIC, and placed India directly under British crown Set up a system of colonial rule called the British Raj A British viceroy was also sent to govern in the name of the queen, and more troops were sent 1858 – Parliament ended the rule of the BEIC, and placed India directly under British crown Set up a system of colonial rule called the British Raj A British viceroy was also sent to govern in the name of the queen, and more troops were sent
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The British = Opportunists The British essentially continued to develop India for its own economic benefit They saw India as both a MARKET, and as a source of RAW MATERIALS They built bridges, canals, buildings, and railroads, which benefited British TRADE The British essentially continued to develop India for its own economic benefit They saw India as both a MARKET, and as a source of RAW MATERIALS They built bridges, canals, buildings, and railroads, which benefited British TRADE
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Indian Nationalism By the late 1800s, Western-educated Indians were spear-heading a nationlist movement 1855 – Nationalist leaders organized the Indian National Congress (Congress Party) Called for greater democracy, which they felt would bring more power to Indians 1906 – Muslim League By the late 1800s, Western-educated Indians were spear-heading a nationlist movement 1855 – Nationalist leaders organized the Indian National Congress (Congress Party) Called for greater democracy, which they felt would bring more power to Indians 1906 – Muslim League
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