1. Interoperability between people, organisations, regions and equipment TETRA Ireland Conference Dublin April 2005 Risto Toikkanen Vice chairman / TETRA MoU 01.04.2005

2. Various dimensions of Interoperability -Global issues in Public Safety & Security Organisational interoperability –Between agencies/organisations –Between people Regional interoperability –Between regions –Across national borders Technical interoperability –Between equipment

3. Organisational dimension Hurdles Legislation and/or regulation Operating procedures & practices Information security Radio spectrum Incompatible equipment Organisational interoperability: “Capability for agencies to communicate with each other” –On a daily basis –In emergency situations

4. Inter-regional dimension Inter-regional interoperability: “Capability for peer agencies to communicate across borders” –Between regions –Across national borders –New dimension: cross-agency & cross border Hurdles Legislation and/or regulation Politics Operating procedures & practices Information security Radio spectrum Incompatible technologies/equipment In Europe the cross-border interoperability is high on the EU/Schengen agenda. In Europe the cross-border interoperability is high on the EU/Schengen agenda.

5. Technology dimension Technical interoperability: “Process to ensure that equipment from multiple vendors are compatible” –Problem-free operation –Wanted functionality –In practice it is about protocol conformance Hurdles Standardisation Standard conformance Verification and certification Competitive environment Customer preferences Backward compatibility

6. Organisational interoperability: solutions Operating procedures –Agreements –Training Dedicated radio channels –Common technical specification –Agreed procedures Radio spectrum harmonisation –In some form this is a must Technology harmonisation – standards –Necessary to gain radio compatibility Shared networks –By far the most efficient tool –Requires high-tech system to ensure privacy –Both operational benefit and cost benefit BEST RESULT

7. Regional interoperability : solutions 1. Political & organisational readiness 2A. Conventional technical measures Extra equipment like cellphones Extended coverage across border or repeaters Control room interconnect by wireline Radio swap between control rooms e.g. Belgium & France Radio swap between users 2B. Network interconnect TETRA Inter-System Interface (ISI) Three-country pilot Belgium – Germany – The Netherlands Cross-network PMR functionality, first time True cross-agency & cross-border opportunity

8. Three-Country Pilot Agreement between the governments of Belgium, Germany and The Netherlands Based on the requirements of the Schengen Agreement on cooperation of police forces and customs across the national borders To pilot cross-border functionality with TETRA ISI To create operational scenarios Operational equirement specification convereted to ETSI Technical Report see www.3countrypilot.com

9. Solutions are deeply technical Decisions are done in early development phase Cross-technology interoperability Specific operating modes like analog FM radio channels TETRA Interoperability The TETRA Interoperability (IOP) concentrates on technical interoperability certification of multi-vendor TETRA equipment. Successful IOP certification is fundamental in creation of open multi-vendor market. Open multi-vendor market is fundamental for the success of TETRA - and it has happened Technical interoperability : solutions

10. Benefits of open multi-vendor market User benefits wide choice of compatible certified terminals specialised product for special needs continuous and genuine competition less dependency - lower risk of market disturbances Industry benefits wider market, bigger volumes more possibility to invest – faster product creation longer lifetime of market TETRA MoU Association runs the IOP certification process to guarantee open multi-vendor market

11. Speed of innovation Test questions: Which other PMR technology delivers handsets with integral GPS receiver today? Which other PMR technology delivers handsets with 65 000 colour display today? Which other PMR technology delivers handsets with web & WAP browsers today? Quick questionnaire in TETRA seminar in Oslo March 2005 revealed close to 30 new TETRA terminal models being launched during the last 3 years Only open competition can boost this amount of product innovations and R&D investment

12. TETRA IOP Certification process STANDARDS MoU Operator/User Association Technical Forum Members’ Enquiry TIP SPECS TMO AI group DMO AI group ISI group (PEI group) approx 12 suppliers TEST PLANS MoU Certification Body ISCTI *) – Rome/Italy ACCEPTED into OPERATION (Also need CE mark or TA) CERTIFICATE *) Instituto Superiore delle Comunicazioni e tecnologie dell'Informazione

13. TETRA IOP achievements (1) TETRA Interoperability Profile (TIP) documents available to members – in total 28 TIP specifications published by today TETRA Interoperability Test Plan documents available to members – in total 15 Test Plan documents published or agreed Certification test sessions arranged at manufacturer’s premises to run the test cases specified in the Test Plans TETRA IOP Certificates are public documents and published at the TETRA MoU website – 69 certificates published in 2004 and 16 during 2005 so far Most customers today require their equipment supplier to provide IOP certificates on the features they purchase

14. TETRA IOP achievements (2) Tested products from: Cleartone DeTeWe/FWK Frequentis IFR (tester) Marconi/OTE Motorola Niros Nokia Rohde & Schwarz Rohill Simoco/Sepura Teltronic Thales Certificates at: www.tetramou.com Tested products from: Cleartone DeTeWe/FWK Frequentis IFR (tester) Marconi/OTE Motorola Niros Nokia Rohde & Schwarz Rohill Simoco/Sepura Teltronic Thales Certificates at: www.tetramou.com THE AMOUNT OF CERTIFICATES VARIES BETWEEN COMPANIES – AND IS GROWING - see status lists in handout package TETRA IOP certification results 7 companies have received TETRA infrastructure certificates 9 companies have received TETRA terminal certificates in trunked mode 6 companies have received TETRA DMO certificates

15. Conclusions Organisational interoperability Best cooperation is achieved by a shared network Current TETRA technology allows privacy and sharing Not to forget the cost savings by sharing Regional interoperability Becoming more & more important TETRA ISI is the tool for network interconnect Technical interoperability TETRA created a true multi-vendor market Major benefits to both users and industry TETRA IOP Certificate is the paper to ask for

17. Additional handout information Available TIP specifications and IOP test plans Published TETRA IOP certificates – System Manufacturers – Terminal Manufacturers Status as per March 2005

18. part 2: Short Data Service part 3: Dynamic Group Number Assignment part 4: Authentication (SwMI initiated & mutual) part 5: Packet Data (single slot & multislot) part 6: Air Interface migration phase 1 + 2 part 7: Fleet Specific Short Number Dialling part 8: RF loop back part 9: Ambience Listening part 10: E-t-e encryption w Clear Voice Override part 11: AI encryption (SCK,DCK) part 12: Service Interaction part 13: AI enable/disable part 14: TETRA Key Distribution part 15: Call Authorised by Dispatcher part 16: Air to ground TTR = TETRA MoU Technical Report part 17: Radio User Assignment part 1: Core v.4.8yes (new upd) yes yes/SwMI init. yes/singe slot yes (new) yes no yes yes (new) no TIP SpecificationsIOP Test plans TTR 001 – Air Interface

19. DMO TIP v.2 part 1: core Group call with pre-emption and change over Individual call Status messaging Intrinsic services Random access Transition DM->TM->DM Part 2: DMO gateway Part 3: DMO repeater TTR = TETRA MoU Technical Report, ME = Members’ Enquiry passed ME yes Part 4: DMO e-t-e encryptionpassed ME Part x: DMO static encryptionno TIP SpecificationsIOP Test plans TTR 002 – Direct Mode Operation

20. Part 2: Individual call – including simplex/duplex and TPI Part 3: Short Data Service (status and text message) Part 4: Lower layers Part 5-1: Circuit Mode transmission (voice frame format) Part 5-2: Packet Mode transmission (voice frame format) Part 6: Group call Part 1: Mobility management – including authentication TTR = TETRA MoU Technical Report no TTR 003 – Inter-System-Interface TIP SpecificationsIOP Test plans

21. System certification part 2: Short Data Service part 3: Dynamic Group Number Assignment part 4: Authentication (SwMI initiated) part 5: Packet Data (single slot) part 7: Fleet Specific Short Number Dialling part 9: Ambience Listening part 10: E-t-e encryption w Clear Voice Override part 11: AI encryption (SCK,DCK) part 1: Core (v. 3)yes Air interface yes - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Nokia Motorola OTE Teltronic R&S Bick yes - - - - - - Frequentis yes - - - Rohill

22. Terminal certification part 2: Short Data Service part 3: Dynamic Group Number Assignment part 4: Authentication (SwMI initiated) part 5: Packet Data (single slot) part 7: Fleet Specific Short Number Dialling part 9: Ambience Listening part 10: E-t-e encryption w CVO part 11: AI encryption (SCK,DCK) part 1: Core (v. 3)yes - Air interface yes - - - - - - - Nokia Motorola OTE Teltronic Cleartone yes - - - Sepura yes - - - - - DeTeWe Thales part 1: Core v. 2yes - - Direct Mode Operation yes - - - - - - - - - - Niros -

23. Nokia system & IOP terminals part 2: SDS part 3: DGNA part 4: Authentication (SwMI initiated) part 5: Packet Data (single slot) part 7: FSSN part 9: Ambience Listening part 10: E-t-e encryption w CVO part 11: AI encryption (SCK,DCK) part 1: Core (v. 3)yes - Air interface yes - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Nokia Motorola OTE Teltronic Cleartone Sepura DeTeWe Thales Niros yes Nokia TETRA System

24. Motorola system & IOP terminals part 2: SDS part 3: DGNA part 4: Authentication (SwMI initiated) part 5: Packet Data (single slot) part 7: FSSN part 9: Ambience Listening part 10: E-t-e encryption w CVO part 11: AI encryption (SCK,DCK) part 1: Core (v. 3)yes Air interface yes - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Dimetra IP Nokia Motorola OTE Teltronic Cleartone Sepura DeTeWe Thales Niros

25. OTE system & IOP terminals part 2: SDS part 3: DGNA part 4: Authentication (SwMI initiated) part 5: Packet Data (single slot) part 7: FSSN part 9: Ambience Listening part 10: E-t-e encryption w CVO part 11: AI encryption (SCK,DCK) part 1: Core (v. 3)yes - Air interface yes - - - - - - - - - Elettra Nokia Motorola OTE Teltronic Cleartone Sepura DeTeWe Thales Niros

26. Rohill system & IOP terminals part 2: SDS part 3: DGNA part 4: Authentication (SwMI initiated) part 5: Packet Data (single slot) part 7: FSSN part 9: Ambience Listening part 10: E-t-e encryption w CVO part 11: AI encryption (SCK,DCK) part 1: Core (v. 3)yes Air interface yes - - - - - TETRANode Nokia Motorola OTE Teltronic Cleartone Sepura DeTeWe Thales Niros

27. Teltronic system & IOP terminals part 2: SDS part 3: DGNA part 4: Authentication (SwMI initiated) part 5: Packet Data (single slot) part 7: FSSN part 9: Ambience Listening part 10: E-t-e encryption w CVO part 11: AI encryption (SCK,DCK) part 1: Core (v. 3)yes Air interface yes - - - - - - - - - Nebula Nokia Motorola OTE Teltronic Cleartone Sepura DeTeWe Thales Niros

28. Frequentis system & IOP terminals part 2: SDS part 3: DGNA part 4: Authentication (SwMI initiated) part 5: Packet Data (single slot) part 7: FSSN part 9: Ambience Listening part 10: E-t-e encryption w CVO part 11: AI encryption (SCK,DCK) part 1: Core (v. 3)yes Air interface yes - - - - - - - - - - - Dimetra Compact Nokia Motorola OTE Teltronic Cleartone Sepura DeTeWe Thales Niros

29. Rhode&Schwarz Bick Mobilfunk system & IOP terminals part 2: SDS part 3: DGNA part 4: Authentication (SwMI initiated) part 5: Packet Data (single slot) part 7: FSSN part 9: Ambience Listening part 10: E-t-e encryption w CVO part 11: AI encryption (SCK,DCK) part 1: Core (v. 3)yes Air interface yes - - - - - - - - Accessnet-T Nokia Motorola OTE Teltronic Cleartone Sepura DeTeWe Thales Niros