1. Transportation and Early Industrialization from 1800 - 1860
Leaving the horse and buggy in its wake
Essay 2,6,8

2. Transportation Developments
Unpaved roads
Paved turnpikes (toll roads)
National Road (Cumberland Road)
Canal building
Steamboat (Fulton)
Clipper ships

3. Transportation Change - Economic
National market economy developed
Freights rates reduced
Agricultural commodities and farm product values went up
Ohio, Indiana and Illinois became the breadbasket
Extended slavery
Industrialization emerges

4. Transportation Change - Economic
Gibbons v. Ogden
the federal commerce clause, in effect, outranked a state law that had granted a monopoly to one group of people.
Charles River Bridge case
The interests of the community are more important than the interests of business; the supremacy of society’s interest over private interest
Clay’s American System

5. Transportation Change - Social
Urbanization began
Westward Movement
Education spread
Admission of new states
Immigration
Irish and German
Lowell Factory System

6. Effects of Transportation
The first major transportation project linking the East to the trans-Allegheny West
Lancaster Turnpike
The turnpikes, canals, and steamboats as new transportation links encouraged
lowering of freight rates
economic growth
rising land values
migration of peoples
1, 8

7. Effects of Transportation cont
The Erie Canal revolutionized domestic markets
transfer of goods from New York to New Orleans along inland waterways
tied the manufacturing of the East to the farming of the West
Population movement between 1790 and 1840
the Atlantic coast to the areas between the Appalachians and the Mississippi River
54, 56

8. Industrialization Rise of the factory system
The most profound economic development by mid-19c America
The rise of manufacturing in the United States
stoppages of trade by the embargoes and the War of 1812.
The American system of manufacturing, which emerged in the early 1800s
interchangeable parts to allow for mass production of high-quality items.
53, 64, 65

9. Industrialization
The beginning of the Early American Industrial Revolution during the early 1800s
technological advances imported from England
the appearance of better transportation systems
new inventions such as the cotton gin
backing from the Constitution 59

10. Industrialization
During the 1820s and 1830s, the growth of business was assisted by all of the following developments
specialization of stores
improvement in the distribution of goods
emergence of new general incorporation laws
favorable Supreme Court decisions
Effects on slavery in the South
rapid growth in the textile industry encouraged Southern planters to grow cotton, thereby making slavery more important to the economy.
61, 63

11. Clay’s American System
Protective tariffs
Internal improvements
Increased trade between all sections of the country
Federal funds for a national transportation system 73

12. Workers in Early Factories
The "Lowell System"
employment of young women who were then housed in dormitories
The paternalistic factory system did not last long
in the highly competitive textile market, manufacturers were eager to cut labor costs
Immigrant would work for less than the women
Women and immigrants
were powerless to affect pay rates or working conditions
55, 60