1. TOBACCO

2. Tobacco & Youth  “Each day in the U.S., approximately 4,000 adolescents aged 12-17 try their first cigarette.”  (CDC, 2008)  Approximately 20% of high school students smoke  50% of high school students have tried cigarettes

3. Tobacco, Youth & Oregon  16% of high school students currently smoke  3,900 kids under the age of 18 will become new daily smokers each year.  74,000 kids who are current smokers will ultimately die prematurely from smoking Tobacco Free Kids, 2010

4. Tobacco  Cigarettes  Cigars  Hookah  Smokeless tobacco  Snuff, chew, plug, nasal snuff

5. Nicotine  Acts as a stimulant  Increases heart rate, blood pressure, alertness, concentration, memory.  May act as mild sedative Decreases anxiety, irritability, mild depression  3 out or 4 smokers want to quit  75% will quit but start again within one year  Often said to be the most addictive substance

6. Nicotine & Youth  Immediate health consequences  Respiratory problems  Addiction  Increased risk of lung cancer

7. Health Effects

8. Tobacco tolerance  It is possible to build up a tolerance  Needing more and more for same effect.  Withdrawal:  Severe cravings, insomnia, confusion, tremors, difficulty concentrating, fatigue, muscles aches/pains, headache, nausea, irritability, anger, depression.  Youth that smoke and stop have the same withdrawal symptoms

9. Tobacco Use / Mortality  Leading preventable cause of death in U.S.  Causes more deaths every year than HIV, illegal drug use, alcohol use, motor vehicle accidents, suicides and murders combined!  Smokers die an average of 14 years earlier than non- smokers.

10. Mortality Source: www.cancercontrol.cancer.gov

11. Ingredients in cigarettes  Over 4000 chemicals are in cigarettes  Just to name a few:  Acetone, Ammonia, Arsenic  Butane, Cadmium, Carbon Monoxide  DDT, ethanol, Hydrogen Cyanide  Methane, Methanol, Nicotine  Toluene

12. Social Smoking  What is it?  Is it really that harmful?  No safe level of nicotine  Still habit forming

13. Hookah  What is it?  A water pipe used to smoke tobacco  Has been around for centuries  WHO: “one hour of Hookah smoking exposes the user to 100-200 times the volume of smoke inhaled from a single cigarette.”  Relatively new to the U.S. but is growing among adolescents.

14. Smokeless Tobacco  Increasing among younger men and boys.  Adolescent boys that use smokeless tobacco increase their risk of smoking cigarettes later in life. (tobaccofreekids.org, 2008)  Currently:  13% of U.S. high school boys use smokeless tobacco  2% of U.S. high school girls use smokeless tobacco

15. Tobacco Advertising & Youth  It is illegal in all states to sell cigarettes to anyone under 18… so why is tobacco and youth an issue?  Children and adolescents are the majority of new smokers and companies know this.  First time use likely to occur at approximately 14.  Those who do not use tobacco at the age of 18 likely will never start. (CDC, 2008)

16. Advertising  Companies feel they need to “replace” smokers  Ads therefore target youth

17. FDA & Tobacco Regulation  Regulations Restricting the Sale and Distribution of Cigarettes and Smokeless Tobacco to Protect Children and Adolescents  Restricts sale, distribution, and promotion of tobacco products to make them less accessible to youth.  Law goes into effective June 22, 2010 (FDA, 2010)

18. Tobacco prevention programs  Only 69% of students are currently in schools that require tobacco prevention programs.  Prevention programs need to focus on the short-term for adolescents.  Athletic performance  Personal appearance

19. Tobacco Education Programs  Well-designed programs should include:  A proven background in prevention  Provide education during the formative years  Provide a tobacco-free environment  Help preventing other types of drug use as well.