1. Do Now
Read the article about Heart Attacks and various heart surgery and answer the questions.

2. Cardiovascular System Ch.13
The Veinest of the Systems 

3. Objectives
Identify the organs of the cardiovascular system and it’s overall function.
Label the different parts of the heart.
Describe the pathway of blood.

4. The Cardiovascular System
Pumps 7,000 liters of a blood a DAY!!!
Functions to carry oxygen and nutrients to the cells of the body and carry carbon dioxide and other waste away from the cells of the body.

5. Structures Heart Arteries, arterioles Capillaries Veins, venules
pumps blood to the lungs and throughout the body
Arteries, arterioles
Caries blood AWAY from the heart to cells
Capillaries
Place where nutrient and gas waste exchanges
Veins, venules
Carries blood TO the heart from cells

6. Arteries vs. Veins
Arteries
THICK!
Veins
Thinner
Contain 1-way valves.

7. Pulmonary vs. Systemic Circuits
Carries Oxygen depleted blood to the lungs to pick up O2 and unload CO2.
Systemic
Sends oxygen-rich blood from heart to all body cells.

8. The Heart
Located in the thoracic cavity, rests on top of the diaphragm
Encased in a “parietal pericardium”

9. Wall of the Heart 1. Outer Epicardium 2. Middle Myocardium
Made of epithelial tissue
Protects the heart by reducing friction
2. Middle Myocardium
Mostly cardiac tissue involved in pumping blood out of the heart
3. Inner Endocardium
Lines the inner chambers of the heart

10. Heart Chambers Atria Ventricles Septum Upper chambers
Receive blood returning to the heart
Ventricles
Lower chambers
Receive blood from atria and force blood into arteries
Septum
Separates left and right so blood doesn’t mix

11. Heart Valves
Atrioventricular Valves: separate atria from ventricles and prevent back-flow of blood.
Tricuspid:
Right side
Bicuspid/Mitral:
Left side

12. Mitral Valve Prolapse Heart “murmur”
Mitral valve contracts and stretches bulging into the left atrium
Blood regurgitates back into the atrium
Normal Heart Beat
Mitral regurgitation

13. Heart Valves Semilunar Valves: Pulmonary: Aortic:
Found between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery
Aortic:
Found between the left ventricle and the aortic arch

14. Do Now
Write 3 things you know about the eye or structure of the eye. Quiz is postponed until tomorrow (Tuesday).

15. Objectives
Explain the flow of blood through the heart, lungs, and body.
Compare and contrast angina vs. a heart attack.

16. The Heart
Take out your heart diagram so we can finish labeling!

17. Pathway of Blood Follow along on your worksheet!
Great Pathway of Blood Video!

18. Angina Pectoris
A “thrombus” or “embolus” blocks or narrows a coronary artery and deprives myocardial cells of Oxygen, causing pain.
*many people mistake this for a heart attack.
A complete blockage by a blood clot is a myocardial infarction (aka heart attack)

19. Do Now Hand in your anatomy valentine if you haven’t done so already!
Clean all purses/bags/books off of the desks so you don’t get them dirty!
Take a copy of the “heart practical study guide” from my desk as well as a lab dissection packet.

20. Objectives Identify the structures of the sheep heart.
Trace the path of blood flow through a sheep heart.
Explain the importance of the valves.
Understand what will be on the lab practical.

21. Sheep Heart Dissection!
HAPPY VALENTINE’S DAY! Today we will be dissecting a sheep heart.
Be sure to FOLLOW ALONG with the lab and go through each and every structure that it tells you to look at, you will be tested on them on both the hearts and the heart models.
You may use your phones to take pictures
Practical will be on Tuesday!

22. Do Now
What part of the heart pumps oxygenated blood to the body and what “tube” does it go through?
Name 2 differences between arteries and veins.
What is another name for the visceral pericardium?

23. Objectives
To explain the flow of blood through both pulmonary and systemic circuits.
To understand the cardiac cycle.
To explain what causes your “heart beat”.

24. Blood Flow
SmartNotebook File

25. Do Now
WITHOUT TALKING…… put yourselves in order of the flow of blood through the body up at the front of the room.

26. Do Now What do you think causes your heart beat?
Write the flow of blood ONLY through the heart.

27. Objectives To explain what occurs in a normal cardiac cycle.
To define systole and diastole.
To measure ones pulse to determine their heart rate.
To determine what causes heart sounds.

28. Cardiac Cycle Systole= contraction Diastole = relaxing
* During atrial systole, ventricles are in ventricular diastole
* During ventricular systole, atria are in atrial diastole
Both relax briefly after ventricular systole
Cycle Animation

29. Steps of the Cycle
Pressure is low during ventricular diastole, opening the A-V valves (tricuspid/bicuspid)
Ventricles fill with blood
A-V valves close when ventricular pressure exceeds atrial pressure
Papillary muscles pull on chordae tendinae to prevent valves from bulging back into atria (which would cause a murmur)
During ventricular systole, atrial pressure is low and they begin to fill up again

30. Steps of the Cycle
5) Ventricular pressure rises, opening the semilunar valves, forcing blood into the pulmonary trunk and aortic arch 6) Pressure drops in ventricles after contraction, and the semilunar valves close. Echocardiogram

31. Heart Sounds The heart makes a “Lubb-Dupp” sound
The “Lubb” is the closing of the A-V valve during ventricular contraction.
The “Dupp” is the closing of the semilunar valve when the ventricles are relaxing.

32. Pulse of Life Lab
You will be measuring your pulse and seeing how your heart rate is affected by different activities!
You will turn in the series of questions upon completing the lab as well as construct a graph.

33. Do Now Explain the steps of the cardiac cycle.
How do you think these steps are coordinated?

34. Objectives To explain the cardiac conduction system
To identify the components of an EKG
To identify different heart arrhythmias

35. Cardiac Muscle Fibers
Cardiac muscle fibers form a network called a functional synctium which contracts as a unit.

36. Cardiac Conduction System
- Coordinates the events of the cardiac cycle

37. Cardiac Conduction System
The Synotrial Node (SA Node)- “Pacemaker”
Specialized cardiac muscle tissue
Can reach threshold on its own
Generates impulses times per minute
Atrial synctium- causes atrial contraction
A-V Node
A-V Bundle (Bundle of His)
Purkinje Fibers- causes ventricular contraction

38. Cardiac Conduction
Conduction

39. Electrocardiogram
Recording of the electrical changes that occur in the myocardium (cardiac muscle)

40. Electrocardiogram P-wave: depolarization of atria
QRS: depolarization of ventricle fibers (R=Left, S=right)
T-wave: repolarization of ventricles

41. Researching Arrhythmias
V-fib (Ventricular Fibrillation)
Sinus Bradycardia
Sinus Tachycardia
Atrial Fibrillation
Atrial Flutter
Asystole

42. Do Now
In your own words, Explain the cardiac conduction system and how it works to control the cardiac cycle.

43. Objectives To identify EKG’s of different heart arrhythmias.
To determine how fast a heart is beating by looking at an EKG.
To explain blood pressure readings and understand how blood pressure can be effected.

44. Reading an EKG Read the article about reading an EKG!
How can you figure out the rate?

45. Blood Pressure (13.5)
Blood pressure= the force blood exerts against the inner walls of blood vessels.
Interesting Fact! The human heart creates enough pressure to squirt blood 30 feet!!

46. Measuring Blood Pressure
Systolic Pressure: max pressure during ventricular systole
Diastolic Pressure: max pressure during ventricular diastole

47. What gives us a “pulse”?
Ventricular contraction causes a “surge” in arteries, distending the elastic arterial walls, pressure drops immediately after contraction
Only felt in arteries close to the surface such as your carotid in your neck.

48. Factors Affecting Blood Pressure
Heart Action
Stroke volume (vol of blood discharged with each contraction) and heart rate
Blood Volume
If you lose a lot of blood, your blood pressure will be lower.
Peripheral Resistance
If the vessels are constricted, pressure increased
Blood Viscosity
More viscous=more pressure