1. Parish Matters -29 September 2010 Envirocrime – Definition and Evolution of Our Strategies For Intervention Gordon Buchanan, Senior Environmental Health officer Environmental Services, Community Services

2. Aim Broad Understanding of The Ethos Behind Our Approach, Definition of Envirocrime – Gordon BuchananBroad Understanding of The Ethos Behind Our Approach, Definition of Envirocrime – Gordon Buchanan An Overview of What We Are Doing – Alison RichardsAn Overview of What We Are Doing – Alison Richards The Domestic Context – Chris GillettThe Domestic Context – Chris Gillett DiscussionDiscussion

3. Definition ‘An environmental crime is an act committed with the intent to harm or with a potential to cause harm to ecological and/or biological systems and for the purpose of securing business or personal advantage

4. Definition Cont ‘An environmental crime is an unauthorised act or omission that violates the law and is therefore subject to criminal prosecution and criminal sanction. This offence harms or endangers people’s physical safety or health as well as the environment itself. It serves the interests of either organizations—typically corporations—or individuals

5. Definition cont/d ‘Environmental crime includes all offences either created by statute or developed under the common law that relate to the environment.’

6. Corporate Context South Gloucestershire Council is committed to ensuring that South Gloucestershire remains a great place to live and work. A key aspects of this commitment is Promoting Safer and Stronger Communities and Valuing the Environment Priority 18. BE SAFE AND FEEL SAFE - To continue to prevent and tackle crime, disorder, anti-social behaviour, drug and alcohol misuse and the fear of crime effectively. Priority 24. RESOURCE USE, POLLUTION AND WASTE To cut consumption of resources, prevent pollution and waste and live within environmental limits. This work is also reflected in the Local Waste Strategy. Promoting Safer and Stronger Communities

7. Translate To The Council Fly TippingFly Tipping Abandoned VehiclesAbandoned Vehicles Dog FoulingDog Fouling LitteringLittering GraffitiGraffiti NoiseNoise Abandoned Shopping TrolleysAbandoned Shopping Trolleys

8. Broken Window Theory 19821982 Social ScientistsSocial Scientists James Q. Wilson and George L. KellingJames Q. Wilson and George L. Kelling The Atlantic Monthly The Atlantic Monthly “Broken Windows”“Broken Windows”

9. Broken Window Theory cont/d Consider a building with a few broken windows. If the windows are not repaired, the tendency is for vandals to break a few more windows. Eventually, they may even break into the building, and if it's unoccupied, perhaps become squatters or light fires insideConsider a building with a few broken windows. If the windows are not repaired, the tendency is for vandals to break a few more windows. Eventually, they may even break into the building, and if it's unoccupied, perhaps become squatters or light fires inside

10. Broken Window Theory cont/d Consider a sidewalk. Some litter accumulates. Soon, more litter accumulates. Eventually, people even start leaving bags of trash from take-out restaurants there or breaking into carsConsider a sidewalk. Some litter accumulates. Soon, more litter accumulates. Eventually, people even start leaving bags of trash from take-out restaurants there or breaking into cars

11. Broken Window Theory cont/d social norms and conformitysocial norms and conformity the presence or lack of monitoring, andthe presence or lack of monitoring, and social signalling and signal crimesocial signalling and signal crime

12. Support For Theory – New York 1985 George L. Kelling NYCTA1985 George L. Kelling NYCTA Graffiti targeted and cleanedGraffiti targeted and cleaned 1993 Rudy Giuliani appointed Mayor1993 Rudy Giuliani appointed Mayor “Zero Tolerance” and “Quality of Life”“Zero Tolerance” and “Quality of Life” Subway Fare Evasion, Public Drinking, Urination and The “Squeegee Men”Subway Fare Evasion, Public Drinking, Urination and The “Squeegee Men”

13. Support For Theory – New York 2001 Review of Crime Trends2001 Review of Crime Trends Sudden and Significant Drop in both Petty and Serious CrimeSudden and Significant Drop in both Petty and Serious Crime

14. Support For Theory – Massachusetts Harvard University and Suffolk UniversityHarvard University and Suffolk University 34 Hotspots34 Hotspots ½ cleared trash, fixed streetlights, enforced building codes, discouraged loiterers,½ cleared trash, fixed streetlights, enforced building codes, discouraged loiterers, ½ no change to routine police service½ no change to routine police service

15. Support For Theory – Massachusetts 20% reduction in calls to the police20% reduction in calls to the police cleaning up the physical environment is more effective than misdemeanour arrestscleaning up the physical environment is more effective than misdemeanour arrests

16. Practical Application 2006 Defra Published “2006 Defra Published “Fly-tipping: causes, incentives and solutions: A good practice guide for Local Authorities” Jill Dando Institute of Crime Science University College London

17. Situational Crime Prevention Increasing the effort for the potential offender Increasing the risks to the potential offender Reducing the rewards for the potential offender Reducing provocations of potential offenders Removing the excuses available to potential offenders

18. Recommendations Strategic WorkingStrategic Working Maximising resources Partnership working Engaging with the community Securing convictions

19. What Have We Done November 2008 Fly Tipping Strategy ApprovedNovember 2008 Fly Tipping Strategy Approved Incorporated Fundamentals of Broken Window TheoryIncorporated Fundamentals of Broken Window Theory Recommendations of DEFRA ReportRecommendations of DEFRA Report

20. The main strands Education Information reception, i.e. reporting – one point of access Eyes and ears principle Talks and presentations Webpage, leaflets, press releases, promotional materials, e.g tax disc holders Proactive activities e.g. Environment days Annual report

21. The main strands Enforcement Enforcement training - Matrix of legislation Policy and Procedures Case preparation and presentation Evidence gathering (inc CCTV) Joint operations

22. Environmental Protection Street Care Waste Management Envirocrime Team Partners