1. Chapter 10: Interpersonal Relationship Types
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2. Friendship Relationships
Characteristics
Interpersonal relationship
Mutually productive
Mutual positive regard (liking, trust, support, shared interests)
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3. Friendship Relationships (cont.)
Friendship types
Reciprocity – equal
Receptivity – imbalance between giver and receiver but still satisfactory (student/teacher)
Association – transitory (classmates, neighbors)
Friendship needs
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4. Friendship Relationships (cont.)
Friendship and communication
Relationship theories from Chapter 9 apply
Three stages of friendship
Contact – hesitant
Involvement – dyadic consciousness
Close and intimate friendship – exclusive unit; make sacrifices
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5. Friendship Relationships (cont.)
Culture, gender, and technology
Culture – collectivist cultures value frienships more than individualist cultures do
Gender – women’s friendships are built on disclosure and intimacy; men’s are built on shared activities
Technology – network convergence: as friends grow close, their online social networks overlap
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6. Love Relationships
Love is a feeling characterized by closeness, caring, intimacy, passion, and commitment
Love is an interpersonal relationship developed, maintained, and sometimes destroyed by communication
Communication skills can enhance a love relationship
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7. Love Relationships (cont.)
Six love types
Eros – beauty and sexuality
Ludus – entertainment and excitement
Storge – peaceful and slow
Pragma – practical and traditional
Mania – elation and depression
Agape – compassionate and selfless
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8. Love Relationships (cont.)
Love and communication
Personal idioms
Increased self-disclosure
Love, culture, gender, and technology
Culture – individualist cultures value love relationships; collectivist cultures value friendship
Gender – men tend to be more romantic and less realistic about love than women are
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9. Family Relationships
Family includes the children, relatives, and assorted significant others surrounding a primary relationship
A primary relationship denotes the two relationship between the two principal parties
Communication patterns of nuclear families apply to all forms of families
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10. Family Relationships (cont.)
Characteristics of families
Defined roles
Recognition of responsibilities
Shared history and future
Shared living space
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11. Family Relationships (cont.)
Couple types
Traditional – sacrifice independence for relationship
Independent – stress individuality
Separate – relationship of convenience, not love
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12. Family Relationships (cont.)
Family types
Conformity orientation – degree to which family members agree on attitudes, values, and beliefs
High conformity – harmonious; children agree with parents
Low conformity – greater conflict; children permitted to disagree with parents
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13. Family Relationships (cont.)
Family types (cont.)
Conversation orientation – degree to which family members can speak their minds
High conversation – discusses issues and opinions
Low conversation – little discussion
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14. Family Relationships (cont.)
Family types (cont.)
Four types
Consensual – high conversation, high conformity; open communication and disagreement
Protective – high conformity, low conversation; stress agreement, avoid conflict
Pluralistic – low conformity, high conversation; encourages different attitudes, open communication
Laissez-faire – low conformity, low conversation; avoid interaction and confrontation, value privacy
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15. Family Relationships (cont.)
Family and communication
Equality pattern
Equal share in communication transaction
Equal power
Equitable relationship
Balanced split pattern
Equal relationship but each is dominant in a specific domain
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16. Family Relationships (cont.)
Family and communication (cont.)
Unbalanced split pattern
One person is more regularly in control of the relationship
More powerful – looks, expertise, money,
Monopoly pattern
One person is the authority, controls the other
Lectures instead of communicates
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17. Family Relationships (cont.)
Family, culture, gender, and technology (cont.)
Culture and families – cultural differences influences families and family relationships
Gender and families – in some cultures only males can dissolve a marriage
Technology and families – in some cases, technology contributes to decreased family communication
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18. Work Relationships Types of workplace communication
Lateral communication – between equals
Upward communication – lower to upper levels in the hierarchy
Downward communication – higher to lower levels
Grapevine messages – don’t follow formal lines; not yet public, more interpersonal messages
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19. Work Relationships (cont.)
Networking relationships
Informal – everyday interactions
Formal – systematic and strategic
Mentoring relationships
Crucial for rising in hierarchy and developing skills
Can be online
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20. Work Relationships (cont.)
Romantic relationships at work
Advantages
Easy place to meet romantic partner
Can lead to greater work satisfaction
Disadvantages
Can cause negative gossip
Can cause problems for managers
Can cause problems for one-sided romances or after a break-up
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21. The Dark Side of Interpersonal Relationships
Jealousy – a feeling in reaction to a threat to a relationship.
Parts of jealousy
Cognitive – suspicious thinking and worrying
Emotional
Behavioral
Dealing with jealousy
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22. Dark Side of Relationships (cont.)
Bullying
Verbal or physical
A pattern
Not illegal
Cyberbullying
Dealing with bullying
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23. Dark Side of Relationships (cont.)
Violence
Verbal or emotional
Physical
Sexual
Dealing with violence
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