1. Outdated Social structure (ancien regime) Crop Failures Deficit spending (results in taxing) Humanism- the individual In the Middle Ages the focus was on the Church and religion Silk Road- silk, gunpowder, paper Monsoon Marketplace- spices, silk, Buddhism West Saharan Trade- Gold and Salt They provide water for humans, plants and animals. Floods leave behind Silt Water for trade Bellringer Why were River Valleys a good place to settle down? Name two different Trade routes and an item traded along it What was the focus of the Renaissance? How did this differ from the Middle Ages? What are the causes of the French Revolution?

2. Chinese Review

3. geography China has a varied geography including mountains, deserts, jungles and ocean coast line. These geographic features keep China isolated and fairly protected from invasions.

4. Chinese Geography The mountains and ocean keep China isolated, and it creates a unique culture They used Terrace Farming to grow crops on the mountains The Chinese began to think of themselves as superior to all others, they were ethnocentric Terrace Farming- cut out flat areas to stop the crops from washing away

5. The Chinese developed the Mandate of Heaven to explain the power of the Emperors. A Mandate from heaven meant that God had chosen that family to rule. The Mandate of Heaven helped explain the dynastic cycle. Dynasties

6. Tang and song There have been many dynasties in Ancient China, but the Tang and Song are very important. These Dynasties bridged the gap between the past and present and continued many cultural behaviors and traditions: -Civil Service Exam -Confucian Values -Developed Block Print -Conquered Korea, Vietnam and Tibet -Built the Grand Canal (1,104 miles) Why would the Grand Canal be important to a nation like China?

7. Mongols The Mongols were a nomadic group that conquered much of Asia, including India, Russia and China. Kublai Khan defeated the Song Dynasty and began the Yuan Dynasty. During Mongol control the Chinese were kept inferior in society. They were denied the best jobs, required to keep their hair long and in a braid, and they were denied access to the military. The Mongols did create more trade, resulting in much cultural diffusion and economic improvements (Pax Mongolia)

8. Cultural Diffusion The Chinese spread their culture throughout Southeast Asia, especially Korea and Japan. Korea, known as the cultural bridge, helped Chinese government, goods and beliefs sweep into Japan. However, the Japanese were selective adopters, and though they absorbed Chinese government and Buddhism, they never accepted the civil service exams or Chinese writing.

9. Chinese Inventions The Chinese are responsible for many inventions that we often contribute to the West: -gunpowder -paper -moveable type -Silk -magnetic compass Many of these technologies spread across Eurasia through Silk Road trade.

10. Confucius Confucianism is not a religion, but a belief system that stresses social order. Confucius spread the idea of the five relationships: 1.Government to governed 2.Husband to wife 3.Father to son (children) 4.Older brother to younger brother 5.Friend to friend He also stressed filial piety (respect for elders) Confucius believed hard work would pay off, and developed the civil service exam to find qualified government employees

11. Communism The Chinese government was split between the Communists and nationalist parties in 1935. The Communists were forced into exile on the Long March, tracked and killed by the nationalists. After World War II, Mao Zedong won control of China and established the People’s Republic of China in 1949. Communist China has recently opened up to Capitalist ventures, bringing money and foreign investment into China

12. China’s Human Rights Issues -Political Oppression -The Great Firewall -One Child Policy -Laogai Camps -Organ Trade -Tibet

13. Judaism and ChristianityThe Roman Catholic Church The Neolithic Revolution Revolution equals change Varied: mountains, deserts, jungles, rivers and ocean coast It kept them isolated and ethnocentric Bellringer What are the geographic features of China? What effect do these have on China? What time period was the change made from Nomadic hunting and gathering to settled living and husbandry? What was the MOST powerful force during the European middle ages? What religions meet the following criteria: -monotheistic -10 commandments -Abraham

14. Forced Urbanization article Read the Upfront magazine article on China’s newly passed forced urbanization measures. As you read think about the following questions: -Why is the Chinese government allowed to move these people? -Does it make economic sense to move the people? -What challenges will relocated farmers face? Issue: March 31, 2014

15. HinduismWorld War I Militarism Alliance system Imperialism Nationalism Irrigation, terrace farming Tractors, pesticides, fertilizers, genetic engineering Shrimp among the whales Cultural Bridge Bellringer What is Korea’s nickname? Name 2 technologies that were developed to help grow more food What World War had 4 MAIN causes? What were the causes? What religion meets the following criteria: -Caste System -reincarnation -Karma/ dharma -Ganges River

16. Does it work?

17. Chinese Inventions

18. Economic Reforms After Mao Zedong passed away, Deng Xiaoping took over the People’s Republic of China. Xiaoping brought market reforms to China and allowed for limited foreign investment. These investments have helped China become the 2 nd largest economy in the world, in less than 30 years.

19. China’s Growth In just over 30 years the Chinese economy has become the second largest in the world. With a large and cheap labor force, China produces manufactured goods to sell around the world

20. China’s Problem Despite rapid growth, there are two potential problems with China’s economy: 1)They are heavily dependent on foreign markets to buy manufactured goods 2)Much of the growth is in real estate as more and more Chinese urbanize

21. Real Estate mogul Zhang Xin is one of the most powerful and valuable Chinese women. She and her husband are real estate investors. Zhang Xin was raised during the Communist cultural Revolution and her family was sent to the country. They lived in complete poverty. Today, she is a rags to riches story transforming Beijing into a modern city.

22. Practice Regents!! Clear off your desks and prepare to take a practice Regents. You will be attempting the multiple choice portion of the exam. You will have today and Monday to complete the exam