1. 2006 Chapter-1 L2: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design", Raj Kamal, Publs.: McGraw-Hill, Inc. 1 Introduction to Embedded Systems – Lesson 2: Processing Elements

2. 2006 Chapter-1 L2: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design", Raj Kamal, Publs.: McGraw-Hill, Inc. 2 Processing Element in Embedded Systems

3. 2006 Chapter-1 L2: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design", Raj Kamal, Publs.: McGraw-Hill, Inc. 3 Example of Embedded System Hardware elements

4. 2006 Chapter-1 L2: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design", Raj Kamal, Publs.: McGraw-Hill, Inc. 4 Processor at the System

5. 2006 Chapter-1 L2: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design", Raj Kamal, Publs.: McGraw-Hill, Inc. 5 General purpose microprocessor Example- ARM, Intel 80x86, MIPS, SHARC, PowerPC, Intel i860 family, Sparc, Motorola 68HCxxx or

6. 2006 Chapter-1 L2: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design", Raj Kamal, Publs.: McGraw-Hill, Inc. 6 Small Scale System Microcontroller

7. 2006 Chapter-1 L2: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design", Raj Kamal, Publs.: McGraw-Hill, Inc. 7 Microcontroller - Intel, TI, and Philips, ARM, Motorola,Hitachi, … Intel®: 8051, 80196,... ARM STR 72x,... Motorola : - 68HC11, 68HC12, 68HC16, or MCORE M2001

8. 2006 Chapter-1 L2: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design", Raj Kamal, Publs.: McGraw-Hill, Inc. 8 Microcontroller Subunits

9. 2006 Chapter-1 L2: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design", Raj Kamal, Publs.: McGraw-Hill, Inc. 9 Use of General Purpose Processors and Microcontroller as a VLSI component in a chip Example- ARM 7, ARM 9, ARM 11, Intel XScale, or Power PC 750x

10. 2006 Chapter-1 L2: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design", Raj Kamal, Publs.: McGraw-Hill, Inc. 10 DSP Example - A Texas Instruments- C28x Series, C54xx or C64xx or OPMAP 5910 DSP or Analog Devices SHARC or TigerSharc, or Motorola 5600xx

11. 2006 Chapter-1 L2: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design", Raj Kamal, Publs.: McGraw-Hill, Inc. 11 Media processor TI DSP TMS320DM310 or Trimedia Phillips Media Processor 1x00 series for Processing Streaming and Data Networks and Image, Video and Speech: PNX1300 and PNX 1500 (2002)

12. 2006 Chapter-1 L2: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design", Raj Kamal, Publs.: McGraw-Hill, Inc. 12

13. 2006 Chapter-1 L2: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design", Raj Kamal, Publs.: McGraw-Hill, Inc. 13 Application Specific System Processor (ASSP) Examples, a setup-box processor or mpeg video-processor or network application processor or mobile application processor

14. 2006 Chapter-1 L2: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design", Raj Kamal, Publs.: McGraw-Hill, Inc. 14 Application Specific Instruction processor (ASIP) Examples - a processor for speech processing, adaptive filtering, encrypting and decrypting or communication protocol stack processor

15. 2006 Chapter-1 L2: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design", Raj Kamal, Publs.: McGraw-Hill, Inc. 15 Multiprocessor System using GPPs Example- A video-conference system, router, high-end cell phone, mobile TV (March 2006) …

16. 2006 Chapter-1 L2: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design", Raj Kamal, Publs.: McGraw-Hill, Inc. 16 SYSTEM-ON-CHIP Embedding: Multiple processors, memories, multiple standard source solutions (IP Cores), Logic and analog units

17. 2006 Chapter-1 L2: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design", Raj Kamal, Publs.: McGraw-Hill, Inc. 17 New Innovation Example – Mobile Device on an SoC

18. 2006 Chapter-1 L2: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design", Raj Kamal, Publs.: McGraw-Hill, Inc. 18 IPs High Level Components with gate level sophistication circuit much above level of counters and registers. For examples, USB port controller and Wireless 802.11 interface

19. 2006 Chapter-1 L2: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design", Raj Kamal, Publs.: McGraw-Hill, Inc. 19 Accelerator Cores For example Java Accelerator Nazonin Communications Java codes run 15 to 60 Times fast, Video Accelerator for fast Video processing

20. 2006 Chapter-1 L2: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design", Raj Kamal, Publs.: McGraw-Hill, Inc. 20 FPGAs cum Processor Cores (1) FPGA 125136 Logic Cells along with the Four IBM PowerPC processors [Exemplary Application: System with a Data Encryption Engine at 1.5 Gbps]

21. 2006 Chapter-1 L2: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design", Raj Kamal, Publs.: McGraw-Hill, Inc. 21 (2) Xilinx Spartan-3 90 nm based FPGAs with Power PCs (released on April 14, 2003 )

22. 2006 Chapter-1 L2: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design", Raj Kamal, Publs.: McGraw-Hill, Inc. 22 Network Processors Intel INXP4xx builds Embedded Systems for Instrumentation with SOHO and SME communication applications such as residential broadband gateways, enterprise wireless access points and integrated access of the devices quickly and efficiently

23. 2006 Chapter-1 L2: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design", Raj Kamal, Publs.: McGraw-Hill, Inc. 23 Mobile System Processor Centrino, Intel's new mobile technology includes a new mobile processor, related chipsets and 802.11 wireless network functions and wireless Internet Connectivity

24. 2006 Chapter-1 L2: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design", Raj Kamal, Publs.: McGraw-Hill, Inc. 24Summary We learnt (i) overview of hardware elements, (ii) types of the processor(s) used in the systems: general purpose processor, microcontroller, DSP, Media processor, ASIP, ASIP and multi-processor, … (iii) exemplary new innovations

25. 2006 Chapter-1 L2: "Embedded Systems - Architecture, Programming and Design", Raj Kamal, Publs.: McGraw-Hill, Inc. 25 End of Lesson 2