1. ORGAN TRANSPLANTS

2. FACT IT IS NOW POSSIBLE TO TRANSPLANT 25 DIFFERENT ORGANS AND TISSUES: IT IS NOW POSSIBLE TO TRANSPLANT 25 DIFFERENT ORGANS AND TISSUES: Including kidney, pancreas, heart lung, cornea and liver Including kidney, pancreas, heart lung, cornea and liver From one person to another From one person to another These operations were revolutionary when first carried out they are now routine. These operations were revolutionary when first carried out they are now routine.

3. Hot debate or not? Last 20yrs able to transplant Last 20yrs able to transplant New techniques emerging all the time New techniques emerging all the time offers hope to thousands of people from greatly improved life style to longer life offers hope to thousands of people from greatly improved life style to longer life

4. At the same time these techniques have introduced debate with regards to our attitude to the dead body, the scarcity of available organs and the use of animal organs and tissue in the future. At the same time these techniques have introduced debate with regards to our attitude to the dead body, the scarcity of available organs and the use of animal organs and tissue in the future.

5. At the moment more people need organ transplants than organs available At the moment more people need organ transplants than organs available It is a lottery for people. It is a lottery for people. For the system to work more people need to donate For the system to work more people need to donate

6. Two kinds of OT 1.Transplants in which the donor is living Other than bone marrow transplants this is usually done in the case of kidney failure. There must be a perfect match between donor and recipient for this to be possible.

7. The person giving the kidney can live normally as long as the remaining kidney stays healthy. The person giving the kidney can live normally as long as the remaining kidney stays healthy. In 1989 it became illegal for someone to be paid to donate a kidney in the UK, although it still happens in other places e.g. India In 1989 it became illegal for someone to be paid to donate a kidney in the UK, although it still happens in other places e.g. India

8. 2. Transplants in which the donor has just died. This may take place after someone has died in a car accident. Many people carry donor cards giving permission for their organs to be taken after death.

9. In some cases their immediate relatives given permission. In some cases their immediate relatives given permission. For the organ to be useful however, transplantation needs to take place very soon after death and this makes it a very difficult, emotional experience for surviving relatives to come to terms with. For the organ to be useful however, transplantation needs to take place very soon after death and this makes it a very difficult, emotional experience for surviving relatives to come to terms with.

10. ARGUMENTS FOR OT There is no risk to dead donors There is no risk to dead donors The death of someone can give new life to someone else. The death of someone can give new life to someone else. It is a ‘last chance’ solution for many people. If they do not have a transplant they will die. It is a ‘last chance’ solution for many people. If they do not have a transplant they will die.

11. The donor makes a contribution to society because the recipient has the chance of a new life The donor makes a contribution to society because the recipient has the chance of a new life Anything else? What do you think? Anything else? What do you think?

12. ARGUMENTS AGAINST OT It is sometimes difficult to define death. Many people are against taking organs form brain dead patients. It is sometimes difficult to define death. Many people are against taking organs form brain dead patients. If the donor is living there is some risk involved If the donor is living there is some risk involved

13. It is sometimes difficult or very upsetting to obtain permission for an organ to be used form relatives so soon after death. It is sometimes difficult or very upsetting to obtain permission for an organ to be used form relatives so soon after death. Transplant operation are very expensive and take the financial resources away from other medical cases. Transplant operation are very expensive and take the financial resources away from other medical cases.

14. What is meant by giving ‘free consent’ to having ones’ organs used? What is meant by giving ‘free consent’ to having ones’ organs used? Anything else? What do you think? Anything else? What do you think?

15. Religions and OT CHRISTIANITY Most Christian groups support the donation of organs seeing this as a gift of life from one person to another. Most Christian groups support the donation of organs seeing this as a gift of life from one person to another. It is also not seen as a problem due to their beliefs of eternal life where the soul leaves the body at death. It is also not seen as a problem due to their beliefs of eternal life where the soul leaves the body at death.

16. Religions and OT ISLAM Muslims may experience a dilemma as the body is seen as the possession of Allah both before and after death. Muslims may experience a dilemma as the body is seen as the possession of Allah both before and after death. Although this is a position that has changed in recent years as society has grown more used to organ transplants taking place. Although this is a position that has changed in recent years as society has grown more used to organ transplants taking place.