1. Collecting Quantitative Data Creswell Chapter 6

2. Who Will You Study? Identify unit of analysis Specify population Describe sampling approach  Class = convenience sample Describe relevant characteristics

3. Permissions IRB – VSU and administrator Student assent Parent consent Colleague assent

4. What for? Any activity outside normal instruction  Activities  Survey/questionnaires  Interview  Audio or video records  Use of student work samples

5. What information? Consider RQs Consider triangulation  Three Es Consider covariates  Disaggregated subgroups Include field notes

6. Types of Measures Performance Attitude – self-report Behavior - observable Facts - archival

7. What Instruments? Locating an instrument (p.160)  Standardized test prep CRCT  Norm-referenced STAR  Widely used instrument AR, DIBELS  Used in research Creating an instrument

8. Reliability Scores are stable & consistent Test-retest Alternative forms Split half Inter-rater

9. Threats to Reliability Questions or tasks are unclear Data collection procedures are unclear Assessment criteria are unclear Student factors

10. Validity Assessment  Makes sense  Is meaningful  Measures what is intended

11. Types of Validity Content  Items represent target Criterion  Scores related to outcomes Construct  Scores are meaningful and fullfil purpose

12. Threats to Validity Poor research design Poorly designed assessments Irrelevant assessments Inability to predict Participant factors

13. Scales of Measurement Nominal (categories) Ordinal (ranking) Interval e.g. Likert Ratio (true zero)

14. Administration Standardize procedures Use written protocols Record field notes ASAP Ethics  Permission  Anonymity & confidentiality

15. Questions?