1. Goal Analysis & Instructional Objectives

2. Five Steps to Clarify Your Goals Robert Mager’s Five Steps to Sharpen Your Instructional Goals  Writing down the goals  Writing down the things you would want someone to day or do to cause you to agree that he represents the goal  Sorting it out  Making coherent statements  Testing adequacy and completeness

3. Step 1: Writing down your goals At a school meeting that involves the principal, teachers, parents, and school staff, there are some concerns about the students’ attitude toward school and their school work. Some goals were developed:  Develop a good attitude toward school  Develop students’ pride in school work

4. Cross out the process word:  Have a good attitude toward school  Have pride in school work

5. Step 2: Writing Down The Things You Would Want Someone To Day Or Do To Cause You To Agree That He Represents The Goal What will I take as evidence that my goal has been achieved? What would cause you to be willing to stamp a person with the label of your goal? e.g., Have pride in school work a. Finish the school work on time b. Preview the content c. Be actively involved in all in-class activities d. Be willing to work on extra work/credit e. Actively answer the teacher’s questions f. Review the content covered in class g. Keep the school work neat and clean

6. Step 3: Sorting It Out Look over the list and cross out duplications and items that, on second thought, you don’t want Check the abstractions (fuzzies), so you will know which items you will have to put on separate pages for further analysis

7. Let’s sort it out! e.g., Have pride in school work a. Finish the school work on time b. Preview the content c. Be actively involved in all in-class activities d. Be willing to work on extra work/credit e. Actively answer the teacher’s questions f. Review the content covered in class g. Keep the school work neat and clean

8. Let’s sort it out! e.g., Have pride in school work a. Finish the school work on time b. Preview and review the content c. Be actively involved in all in-class activities d. Be willing to work on extra work/credit e. Keep the school work neat and clean

9. Step 4: Making Coherent Statements Making coherent statement to describe what you intend for each of the performances on your list. Students will demonstrate their pride in school work by completing the school work on time, preparing before the lectures and reviewing the content after the lectures, actively participating in all in-class activities, working on extra work/credit, and keeping the school work neat and clean.

10. Step 5: Testing Adequacy And Completeness Test the statements in step 4 for their adequacy and completeness. Goal: Students will demonstrate their pride in school work by completing the school work on time, preparing before the lectures and reviewing the content after the lectures, actively participating in all in-class activities, working on extra work/credit, and keeping the school work neat and clean. If a person did all the things the statements call for him to do, would you be willing to say he has achieved the goal to your satisfaction?

11. Problems in developing instructional objectives  Instructional objectives = instructional activities  Inconsistency with goals  lack of clarity

12. Instructional objectives ≠ instructional activities -Working in groups will allow 8th graders to trust in each other and be considerate of others learning levels and styles. -Students will be divided into groups of 4. Their assignment is to find at least 12 new words containing 3 of the prefixes and 3 of the suffixes studied during this lesson.

13. Compare each IDM for similarities and differences Step 1 Match IDM according to their focus Step 2 Match IDM to theoretical basis and learning objectives Step 3 Students will demonstrate the abilities to apply instructional design models to a given instructional situation. Inconsistency with goal(s) Demonstrate an passion for instructional design Step 4

14. Lack of clarity - The group will give a 5-6 minute report on the findings with a PowerPoint presentation. - Students will present cases on the environmental issues.