1. Warm-Up
Warm-Up: Harriet Tubman, an ex-salve, was famous for helping over 300 people escape slavery via the Underground Railroad. Many people wanted her dead; at one point, the price on her head was $40,000. If you knew there was a huge price on your head, do you think you would continue to risk your life to help others, or would you simply try to keep yourself safe? Explain your answer

2. Today’s Schedule – 11/10/09 Move permission slips needed by TOMORROW
Warm-Up
9.2 PPT: The Antislavery Movement
Slavery Poster Discussion
HW: Read 9.3

3. Roots of Abolitionist Movement
Emerged in the 1830s
Stemmed from Second Great Awakening
American Anti-Slavery Society founded in 1833
Lectures
Petition Drives
Publications

4. Prominent People in the Movements
William Lloyd Garrison
Harriet Tubman
Frederick Douglass
Martin Delany
Harriet Beecher Stowe

5. William Lloyd Garrison
Founder of the American Anti-Slavery Society
He founded the abolitionist newspaper, the Liberator, which he edited from 1831 to 1865
He believed in the immediate emancipation of all slaves and their assimilation into American society as eventual equals,
This position angered many Southern whites
During the Civil War he advocated a peaceful separation of the North and South
After the Civil War focused his efforts on prohibition, Native American and women’s rights

6. Harriet Tubman….“Moses” “I had reasoned this out in my mind, there was one of two things I had a right to, liberty or death; if I could not have one, I would have the other”
Led 300 slaves to freedom on the Underground Railroad between 1849 and 1860
Discovered she was going to be sold
Escaped to Philadelphia in 1849
Became associated with the Philadelphia Vigilance committee
Met with people running the Underground Railroad
Took people from Maryland to Canada
Known for fearlessness: iron and shotgun
High reputation: $40,000 reward for her capture

7. Harriet Tubman
Once the Civil War began she was enlisted as a nurse in the Union Army
Helped recruit freed slaves
Served also as spy
Blew up bridges
After the war, the U.S. denied her a military pension because she had no formal position and because she was a woman
After the war moved to NY and campaigned for women’s suffrage

8. Frederick Douglass Son of a slave and a white man (unknown to him)
Mother died at age 7
Sent to Baltimore to work with a ship carpenter
Learned to read and write there
Sent back to the country to work for a brutal owner: whipped daily and barely fed
Vowed to escape
Two years and one unsuccessful attempt later, he escaped to NY

9. Frederick Douglass
Eventually attended abolitionist meetings and eventually met William Lloyd Garrison who was so impressed with him offered him a three year contract as a speaker for Garrison’s Liberator
Published his autobiography in 1845
Travelled to Europe speaking
Split from Garrison in 1851
Garrison = radical ; Douglass = pragmatic

10. Martin Delany
Born a slave, eventually his family argued for their freedom and won
Claimed to be of royal African descent
Father was a slave, mother was free
Illegally educated by his mother
Promoted a sanctuary for slaves in Africa
First African American in an officer position in the Union Army
Attended Harvard Medical School briefly
Left after several white students complained about his presence

11. Harriet Beecher Stowe
Became a celebrity after writing Uncle Tom’s Cabin
Urging white Northerners to accept escaped slaves and treat them with respect
“They come to seek a refuge among you; they come to seek education, knowledge, Christianity. What do you owe to these poor, unfortunates, O Christians? Does not every American Christian owe to the African race some effort at reparation for the wrongs that the American nation has brought upon them?”

12. Harriet Beecher Stowe One of the highest paid writers during her time
Met Abraham Lincoln in 1862 who supposedly said:
“So you are the little woman who wrote the book that started this great war!”

13. Underground Railroad Began in late 1700s
A vast network of people who helped fugitive slaves escape to Canada and Mexico
Largely supported by Quakers
The homes and businesses where fugitives would rest were called "stations" and "depots" and were run by "stationmasters," those who contributed money or goods were "stockholders," and the "conductor" was responsible for moving fugitives from one station to the next.

14. Underground Railroad

15. Resistance to Abolitionism in the North
Abolitionism was viewed as a radical idea even in the North before the Civil War
Northern merchants worried it would hurt their trade with the South
Laborers thought their jobs would be taken away by freed and escaped slaves

16. Resistance to Abolitionism in the South
Most white Southerners are outraged by the abolitionist movement
Speaking out against slavery became dangerous in the South
Gag rule in effect that prohibited antislavery petitions from being read or acted upon by local government

17. Images of Slavery