1. Scientific Measurements

2. Scientific Measurements
Measurement: a means of describing observations using numbers and a UNIT of measure (ex: 11 inches)
- makes a comparison with a known standard
- ALL measurements contain at least one of the four basic dimensional quantities (length, mass, time, temperature)
Systems of measurement:
Metric System (aka International System of Units (SI)

3. Basic Measurement Units
Unit Metric Instrument
Time: instant something happens OR period of change
Length: distance between 2 points
Mass: amount of matter in an object
Temperature: measurement of how hot or cold something is (average KE = average Kinetic Energy)
Second (s), minute (min), hour (hr), year (yr) Meter (m), centimeter (cm), millimeter (mm), kilometer (km)
Gram (g), kilogram (kg)
Celsius (0C)
Kelvin (0K)
Clock, stopwatch, sundial, hour glass
Meter stick, ruler, tape measure
Balance, scale
Thermometer

4. Derived Units Examples of Derived Units: Volume; Density
** Some properties are best described by using some mathematical combination of the basic quantities. These mathematical combination of basic quantities are referred to as DERIVED UNITS.
Examples of Derived Units: Volume; Density
Volume: amount of space an object takes up
Regular Shape:
Volume L . W . H cm . cm . cm = cm3
Irregular Shape: displacement method (1 ml = 1 cm3) Drop object in known volume of water and record the difference

5. Volume Practice: L x W x H
1. Find the volume of a block that is 5cm in length, 3cm in width, and 8 cm in height.
2. What would the volume be for the object below?
3. What would the volume be for the object below?
120cm3
60cm3
78in3

6. Let’s measure some irregular shapes!
What is the volume of the dinosaur in ml?
0.8 ml

7. Volume of irregular objects practice
3 ml
60 ml

8. Working With Numbers Every number has a decimal version (4 = 4.0)
Rounding off numbers: most of the time to the nearest 10th or 100th
Every number has a decimal version (4 = 4.0)
Rules: you always check the number to the right to decide
> 5 Ex:
< 4 Leave it alone
thousandths
tenths
hundredths
(5.363)
(5.4)
(5.36)
The “rules”
Five or more, raise the score
Four or less, leave it rest

9. Rounding Practice Time
Working With Numbers
Rounding Practice Time
Round to the nearest tenths place:
3.73=
2. 65=
4.324=
18.957= =
Round to the nearest Hundredths place:
6.546=
16.342= =
12.997= =
3.7
6.55
2.7
16.34
4.3
124.86
19.0
13.00
2345.6

10. Write the meaning and abbreviations for the following prefixes:
There are several metric unit prefixes. The ones we use in science are kilo-, hecto-, deka-, deci-, centi-, and milli.
Write the meaning and abbreviations for the following prefixes:
Kilo:
Hecto:
Deka:
Deci:
Centi:
Milli:
k, 1000
h, 100
da, 10
d, 0.1
c, 0.01
m, 0.001

11. To remember the order of the prefixes in order from largest to smallest use the following sentence:
King Henry Doesn't [Usually] Drink Chocolate Milk
kilo-  hecto-  deka-  [unit]  deci-  centi-  milli-
Each step is ten times or one-tenth as much as the step on either side:
1 kilometer = ____ hectometers = ______ dekameters = ________meters = _________ decimeters = ____________ centimeters = _______________ millimeters
Alternatively
1 milliliter = ____ centiliters = _______ deciliters = _________ liters = ____________ dekaliters= ______________ hectoliters = ______________ kiloliters 10
100
1000
10,000
100,000
1,000,000 10
100
1000
10,000
100,000
1,000,000

12. The point here is that you move from one prefix to another by moving the decimal point one place, filling in, as necessary, with zeroes. To move to a smaller unit (a unit with a prefix some number of places further to the ____________ in the listing), you move the decimal place to the right that same number of places.
Convert kilometers to centimeters.
How many jumps is it from "kilo-" to "centi-“?________, to the right.
Kilo- Hecto- Deka- [Meters] Deci- Centi- Milli
So I move the decimal point five places to the right, filling in the extra space with zeroes:
12.54
12.54km= ______ cm
Right 5
1,254,000

13. To move to a larger unit (a unit with a prefix some number of places further to the right in the listing), you move the decimal place to the __________ that same number of places.
Convert 457 ml to hl
How many jumps is it from “milli” to “hector”? ________, to the left.
Kilo- Hecto- Deka- [Meters] Deci- Centi- Milli
So I move the decimal point five places to the Left, filling in the extra space with zeroes:
457
ml=
Left 5 .
0 0 hl

14. Practice Kilo- Hecto- Deka- [Meters] Deci- Centi- Milli
12mm =________dm
2) 4km=______cm
3) hm=______mm
0.12
400,000
567,800

15. Who wants more practice : Try, “Working With Numbers worksheet”
Volume
Rounding
Unit Conversions
Try, “Working With Numbers worksheet”