1. The blood receiving chambers of the heart are the atria.

2. The pumping chambers of the heart are the ventricles.

3. Blood returns to the heart from the lungs by means of the pulmonary veins.

4. The large artery carrying blood away from the left ventricle of the heart is the aorta.

5. Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart are arteries.

6. Blood vessels that carry blood toward the heart are veins.

7. On the right side of the heart, the valve between the right atrium and right ventricle is the Right AV valve (or tricuspid valve).

8. The flaps of the heart valves are anchored to the wall of the ventricles by tissue chords known as Chordae Tendinae.

9. Arteries that supply blood to the tissue of the heart itself are the coronary arteries.

10. What part of the intrinsic conduction system sets and controls your heart rate? The SA node

11. Heart contraction is also known by the term Systole.

12. Heart muscle relaxation is also known by the term Diastole.

13. A normal heart rate is approximately 60-90 beats per minute.

14. Unusual heart sounds, such as those emitted by poorly functioning valves, are called Heart murmurs.

15. The smallest vessels in the body. They carry blood to the cells of body and allow materials to be exchanged between blood and cells. Capillaries

16. Structures in veins that prevent blood from flowing backwards. Valves

17. A typical blood pressure reading contains two numbers of which the first number is the systolic pressure and the second number is the diastolic pressue.

18. The only major artery in the body that carries blood low in oxygen is the pulmonary artery.

19. The only veins of the body that carry blood high in oxygen are the pulmonary veins.

20. The fluid portion of the blood is the plasma.

21. The major molecule that transports oxygen within red blood cells is hemoglobin.

22. Red blood cells survive and circulate in the human blood stream for approximately 100-120 days.

23. The production of red blood cells is stimulated by a hormone known as Erythropoietin or EPO.

24. Antibodies are produced by white blood cells known as B cells.

25. Platelets play a major role in what process? Blood clotting.

26. The two major types of cells in your lymph nodes are T-lymphocytes (T cells) and B-lymphocytes (B cells).

27. Substances capable of stimulating the immune system are known as antigens.

28. Foreign organisms are engulfed by macrophages in a process known as phagocytosis.

29. The cells needed to activate both B- cells and Killer T-cells are called Helper T-cells.

30. The nerve that carries impulses from the eye to the brain is the optic nerve.

31. The retina is composed of what two types of cells that are sensitive to light? Rods and Cones

32. The outer wall of the eye consists of the cornea and the sclera.

33. The jellylike substance that fills the posterior chamber of the eye is called vitreous humor.

34. The pupil of the eye is an opening in the colored portion of the eye known as the iris.

35. The eyelids are covered on their inner surfaces by the mucous membrane called the conjunctiva.

36. Tears that bathe the eyeball and keep it moist and clean are produced by lacrimal glands.

37. Color vision and detailed vision are made possible by retinal cells known as cones.

38. Place in the retina where most cones are concentrated and detailed vision is the best is the fovea.

39. The optic disc contains no visual receptors and is therefore called the blind spot.

40. The lobe of the brain where visual information is interpreted is the occipital lobe.

41. The change of the lens shape to focus objects at various distances is under the control of a muscle called the ciliary muscle.

42. The middle ear bones, which transmit sound to the inner ear, are known as the ossicles.

43. The long, slender tube leading from the pharynx (throat) to the middle ear is the Eustachian tube.

44. The snail-like structure of the inner ear used for hearing sounds is called the cochlea.

45. The five primary tastes are sweet, sour, salty, umami, and bitter.

46. Name the air sacs in your lungs where gas exchange takes place. Alveoli

47. Name the flap of cartilage that prevents food and drink from entering your larynx. Epiglottis

48. Anatomical term for the throat. Both air and food pass through it. Pharynx

49. Main tube that conducts air to your lungs. It is held open by rings of cartilage. Trachea

50. Structure that is right above the trachea. It is where the vocal cords are located. It enlarges during in males during puberty. Larynx

51. These glands are important for moistening food and producing enzymes that help start carbohydrate digestion and help kill bacteria. Salivary Glands

52. Muscular tube that conducts food from the pharynx (throat) to the stomach. Esophagus

53. This organ produces bile. The liver This organ stores bile. And then contracts to secrete bile into the small intestine after meals. Gall bladder Bile helps to digest this type of food. Fats and oils

54. This organ is located right below and behind the stomach. It’s digestive function is to produce a number of enzymes for digestion. It secretes those enzymes into the small intestine. Pancreas

55. Produces very acidic gastric juice and enzymes to digest food. Also uses strong muscular contractions to mix and break down food. Stomach