1. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 1

2. 2 Technology in Action Chapter 5 Using System Software: The Operating System, Utility Programs, and File Management

3. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 3 Chapter Topics System software Kinds of operating systems OS role in: – –Providing user interaction – –Managing the processor – –Managing memory – –Managing hardware – –Interacting with application software – –Starting the computer

4. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 4 Chapter Topics (cont.) Desktop and Windows features OS role in keeping desktop organized Utility programs

5. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 5 System Software: The OS Controls computer functions – –Hardware – –Processor – –Memory – –Devices Provides means for software to work with the CPU Responsible for management, scheduling, and interaction of tasks Provides user interface

6. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 6 System Software: Utilities Utilities: Programs that perform computer housekeeping tasks – –Manage system resources – –Improve efficiency – –Virus prevention

7. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 7 Operating System Categories Four categories: 1. 1.Real-time (RTOS) 2. 2.Single-user, single-task 3. 3.Single-user, multitask 4. 4.Multiuser

8. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 8 1. Real-Time Operating Systems Systems with a specific purpose and a certain result Uses include: – –Industrial machines – –Robotic devices – –Automobiles – –Video game consoles – –Home appliances

9. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 9 Single-User Operating Systems 2. Single-task systems Perform one task at a time PDAs: – –Pocket PC – –Palm OS – –Windows Mobile MS-DOS 3. Multitask systems Perform simultaneous tasks Windows Mac OS Linux

10. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 10 4. Multiuser Operating Systems Known as network operating systems Allow access to the computer system by more than one user Manage user requests Systems include: – –Linux – –UNIX – –Unicos – –Windows Server 2008 – –Windows Vista – –Mac OS X – –i5/OS – –z/OS

11. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 11 Desktop and Notebook Operating Systems An operating system combined with a processor is known as a platform. – –Microsoft Windows/Intel – –Apple Macintosh/Motorola Desktop and notebook operating systems include: – –Microsoft Windows – –Mac OS – –Linux – –UNIX

12. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 12

13. Microsoft Windows Windows Vista Windows 7 – demo http://windows.microsoft.com/en- us/windows7/products/tour?browser=otherhttp://windows.microsoft.com/en- us/windows7/products/tour?browser=other This version of Windows, which comes in many versions, provides tighter security and improved graphical capabilities. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 13

14. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 14 Mac OS First commercially available OS with point-and-click technology (graphical user interface) Excellent in: – –Graphics display – –Processing capabilities – –System reliability – –File backup utilities – –Document recovery Fewer software applications available than for Windows

15. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 15 Linux Open source operating system Based on UNIX Stable system Free May be downloaded from the Internet

16. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 16 Operating Systems for Servers and Mainframes Servers – –Manage network resources Mainframes – –Handle requests from hundreds or thousands of users simultaneously Operating systems: – –Windows Server – –Unix

17. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 17 UNIX Multiuser, multitask operating system Used primarily with mainframes

18. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 18 What the OS Does 1. 1.Provides a user interface 2. 2.Manages the CPU 3. 3.Manages memory and storage 4. 4.Manages hardware and peripheral devices 5. 5.Coordinates application software with the CPU

19. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 19 1. The User Interface Enables you to interact with the computer Types of interfaces: – –Command-driven interface – –Menu-driven interface – –Graphical user interface (GUI) cmd from start menu Command-driven

20. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 20 2. Processor Management Controls the timing of events the processor works on – –Interrupts – –Interrupt handler – –Interrupt table – –Stack

21. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 21 3. Memory and Storage Management The operating system allocates space in RAM for instructions and data. RAM Operating System

22. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 22 3. (con’t) Virtual Memory Instructions and data are stored on the hard drive when RAM is full. – –Swap file – –Paging – –Thrashing

23. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 23 4. Hardware and Peripheral Device Management Device drivers – –Programs that enable the operating system to communicate with peripheral devices – –Provided by the manufacturer of the device Plug and Play – –Hardware and software standard – –Facilitates the installation of new hardware

24. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 24 5. Software Application Coordination Application programming interfaces (APIs) – –Blocks of code contained in the operating system – –Coordinate the operating system with software applications – –Similar toolbars and menus – –Microsoft DirectX

25. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 25 Starting the Computer The Boot Process Step 1: The basic input/output system (BIOS) is activated. Step 2: A power-on self-test (POST) checks attached hardware. Step 3: The operating system loads into RAM. Step 4: Configuration and customization settings are checked.

26. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 26

27. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 27 Handling Errors in the Boot Process Safe mode – –Windows does not boot properly – –Try rebooting – –Uninstall any new devices or software

28. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 28 The Desktop

29. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 29 Windows Title barClose button Ribbon Minimize button Maximize/Restore button Scrollbar Document view options

30. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 30 File Management The operating system provides an organizational structure for the computer’s contents. Hierarchical structure of directories: – –Drives Folders   Subfolders » »Files

31. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 31 File Management Files and folders inside MGT 111 Spring folder Navigation pane with links to favorite folders Folders presented in a hierarchical structure Click to display the Searches Folder MGT 111 Spring folder selected

32. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 32 Viewing and Sorting Files and Folders Flip 3D

33. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 33 Viewing and Sorting Files and Folders Details view

34. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 34 Viewing and Sorting Files and Folders Large Icon view

35. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 35 Viewing and Sorting Files and Folders Other views available: – –Tiles view – –List view – –Small and Medium Icons views

36. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 36 Naming Files Filename: Name assigned plus filename extension Characters not legal in Windows filenames: “ / \ * ? | : Character not legal in Mac filenames: : Bioreport.docx or Bio report.docx

37. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 37 Filename Extensions ExtensionType of DocumentApplication.docWord-processing documentMicrosoft Word 2003.docxWord-processing document Microsoft Word 2007 document.wpdWord-processing documentCorel WordPerfect.xlsxSpreadsheet Microsoft Excel 2007 workbook.accdbDatabaseMicrosoft Access 2007.pptxPowerPoint presentation Microsoft PowerPoint 2007 presentation.pdfPortable Document Format Adobe Acrobat or Adobe Reader.rtfText Any program that can read text documents.txtText Any program that can read text documents

38. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 38 Filename Extensions (cont.) ExtensionType of DocumentApplication.htm or.htmlWeb page Any program that can read HTML.jpg Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) image Most programs capable of displaying images.gif Graphic Interchange Format (GIF) image Most programs capable of displaying images.bmpBitmap imageWindows.zipCompressed fileWinZip

39. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 39 File Path File path: Location of the file

40. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 40 Working with Files File management actions: – –Open – –Copy – –Move – –Rename – –Delete Recycle Bin

41. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 41 Utility Programs Small programs that perform special functions: – –Manage system resources – –Create a pleasant environment – –Improve efficiency

42. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 42 Display Utilities Change the appearance of: – –Desktop – –Windows colors – –Font sizes Include: – –Screen savers – –Screen resolution – –Clear Type

43. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 43 Add or Remove Programs Installation wizard Uninstall wizard: – –Programs cannot simply be deleted

44. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 44 File Compression Utilities Reduce the size of a file Take out redundancies Make it easier and faster to send files over the Internet Generally, repeated patterns are replaced with a shorter placeholder The rain in Spain falls mainly on the plain.

45. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 45 System Maintenance Utilities Disk Cleanup: Cleans unnecessary files

46. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 46 System Maintenance Utilities Disk defragmenter ScanDisk: – –Error checker Task Manager

47. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 47 System Restore Restores system settings to a specific date

48. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 48 System Backup Backup – –Creates a copy of a hard drive to another storage device Task Scheduler – –Runs selected utilities automatically

49. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 49 Accessibility Utilities Ease of Access Center – –Centralized location for assistive technology – –Examples: High contrast Magnifier On-screen keyboard Windows speech recognition

50. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 50 Chapter 5 Summary Questions What software is included in system software?

51. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 51 Chapter 5 Summary Questions What are the different kinds of operating systems?

52. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 52 Chapter 5 Summary Questions What are the most common desktop operating systems?

53. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 53 Chapter 5 Summary Questions How does the operating system provide a means for users to interact with the computer?

54. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 54 Chapter 5 Summary Questions How does the operating system help manage: – –The processor? – –Memory and storage? – –Hardware and peripheral devices?

55. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 55 Chapter 5 Summary Questions How does the operating system interact with application software?

56. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 56 Chapter 5 Summary Questions How does the operating system help the computer start up?

57. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 57 Chapter 5 Summary Questions What are the main desktop and windows features?

58. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 58 Chapter 5 Summary Questions How does the operating system help me keep my computer organized?

59. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 59 Chapter 5 Summary Questions What utility programs are included in system software, and what do they do?

60. Chapter 5 60 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Printed in the United States of America. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 60