1. World Biomes

2. Tundra Location: Found north of the Arctic Circle

3. Tundra Abiotic Factors
precipitation:<63 cm/yr
average temp: -70°C to 12°C
permafrost layer 25 cm – 91 cm deep
short growing season

4. Tundra Plant Adaptations
Reindeer lichen
Tundra Plant Adaptations
plants grow close to the ground
shallow roots to absorb the limited water resources.
trees grow less than 1 m high!
cottongrass

5. Tundra Animal Adaptations
snowy owl
Tundra Animal Adaptations
many visitors, migration
few predators
small ears
insulation, thick coat
Arctic fox
Grizzly Bear

6. Taiga (Coniferous Forest)
Location: Found only in Northern Hemisphere

7. Taiga Abiotic factors average temp: -54°C to 21°C
precipitation:100 in/yr - mostly snow
soil poor in nutrients and very acidic
very short growing season
winters are long and cold

8. Taiga Plant adaptations
Balsam Fir
Fireweed
coniferous (needle-bearing) trees
long roots
needles long, thin and waxy
very few plants on forest floor

9. Animal Adaptations of the Taiga
Moose
Animal Adaptations of the Taiga
adapt for cold winters
burrow, hibernate, warm coat, insulation, etc.
Great Grey Owl

10. Temperate Deciduous Forests
Temperate Deciduous Forests
Location:
found in temperate zone
Much of the human population lives in this biome

11. Temperate Deciduous Forests
Temperate Deciduous Forests
Abiotic Factors
abundance of deciduous (leaf bearing) trees
4 seasons
Deep soil layers, rich in nutrients
Avg temp: 10°C
Precipitation: 76–125 cm/yr

12. Temperate Deciduous forest Plant adaptations
Lady Fern
Temperate Deciduous forest Plant adaptations
White Birch
forests grow in layers
trees adapt to varied climate by becoming dormant in winter
plants lean toward sun
more ground dwelling plants than in rainforest
Geulder Rose

13. Temperate Deciduous Forest Animal Adaptations
Bald Eagle
Temperate Deciduous Forest Animal Adaptations
lose winter coat
hibernate in winter
eat from different layers of the forest
Least Weasel
Fat Dormouse

14. Grasslands Location: middle latitudes and interiors of continents
2 types:
tall - humid and wet climate
short- dry and more temperature variation

15. Grasslands - Abiotic Factors
average temp: -40°C to 21°C
precipitation cm/yr
erratic precipitation causes droughts and fires
wide temperature range

16. Grassland - Plant Adaptations
Blue Oak
mostly low-lying shrubs and small trees.
many plants have leathery leaves to resist water loss and/or oils in leaves to help them resist fire.
Fairy Duster

17. Grassland - Animal Adaptations
Camouflage—to avoid predation
Many animals will change their diet as the season changes.
Aardwolf
Puma

18. Savannas (Tropical Grasslands)
Contain the greatest number of grazing animals on Earth.
Location: Found in the tropics…near equator
Amount of precipitation supports tall grasses but only occasional trees.
The word savanna stems from an Amerind term for plains

19. Tropical Savanna Abiotic Factors
Rainy and dry season
Average temp: 20°C - 30°C
cm/yr precipitation
Fire plays a large role in this ecosystem

20. Tropical Savanna Plant Adaptations
Whistling Thorn
Tropical Savanna Plant Adaptations
Umbrella Thorn Acacia
grow in tufts
drought resistant
plants have thorns and sharp leaves to protect against predation.
Kangaroos Paws
Baobab

21. Tropical Savanna Animal Adaptations
Chacma Baboon
Tropical Savanna Animal Adaptations
Zebras
Limited food leads to vertical feeding
Adapt for short rainy season:
migrate as necessary
reproduce during rainy season

22. Earth's most complex land biome
Tropical Rainforest
Location: found near equator
No distinct seasonal changes.
Earth's most complex land biome

23. Tropical Rainforest Abiotic factors high biodiversity and biomass
average temp: 34°C - 20°C
about cm/yr of rainfall
both hot and moist

24. Tropical Rainforest Plant adaptations Bougainvillea
Plants grow in layers (canopy receives most light)
Shallow, wide roots since soil is so thin and poor in nutrients
Bangul Bamboo

25. Tropical Rainforest Animal Adaptations Silvery Gibbon
Camouflage is common
Wagler’s pit viper
Many symbiotic relationships
Live in different levels of canopy
Slender Loris

26. Desert Ecosystems Location: various locations
Depending on type of desert, you will find them in various locations.

27. Desert Abiotic factors
average temp: -2°C to 49°C
<25 cm/yr of rain
little to no topsoil due to high winds.
minerals not deep in soil
While there are many types of deserts, they all share one characteristic: They are the driest places on Earth!

28. Joshua Tree http://www.blueplanetbiomes.org/desert_plant_page.htm
Barrel Cactus
Desert Plant Adaptations:
Spines
Succulents
Thick, waxy cuticle
Shallow, broad roots
Joshua Tree
Ocotollio

29. Desert Animal Adaptations:
Bob Cat
Desert Animal Adaptations:
get water from food
thick outer coat
burrow during day
large ears
smaller animals = less surface area
Armadillo Lizard
Javelina