2.  By the end of this, you should be able to state the difference between DATE and INFORMAITON.

3.  Information systems = hardware and software working together  It will take DATA that has been INPUT and converted it into INFORMATION  In other words and information system processes the DATA to produce INFORMATION

4.  Data is raw facts and figures which have no meaning and have not been put into a context (given a purpose)  Example: this is a set of data 85,60,65,90,70,50,40.  As it is, it has no meaning, the numbers could mean anything (within reason).  It becomes information when given a purpose or put into content.

5.  The DATA as now become INFORMATION since it has been given a meaning…  INFORMATION occurs when DATA has been PROCESED…  *processed means taking the values and manipulation them (doing something with them)

6.  Information is data which has been processed to give it meaning.  When we have information we can come up with conclusions and answer questions about the data  Information = data + context + meaning

7.  If the average mark of the class is calculated, the data will give the teacher some useful information…  …ICT system produce information which has been formatted so that a user can make use of it (understand it)…  …information can be paper-based e.g. a report or electronic e.g. a chart shown on a screen.

8.  All data is stored in a table  A database is a persistent collection of data or information which is held together in an organized or logical way.  Lots of tables create a relational database.  Data stored in a relational database are linked together e.g. address books.

9.  Google  SIMS (school registers)  Yellow pages  Mobil phones  Electoral registers

10.  Each field must be specified as a data type  Data must first be captured (collected in a way that then makes it easy to put in)  Data must be input into the computer system  The system analyst will select a data capture method and data input method that best suit the requirements of the new system  Or an optical marker reader captures the data  Optical character recognition form

11.  Choosing the best data capture and input methods for the system  Collecting data into a form that is ready for input to a computer system can be done in many years  Form can be simple one with spaces for number and text to be written in  The data from this form would be typed into the computer  Forms can also be machine readable such as OMR

12.  Barcode reader capture the numeric code that the barcode represents  Typically used with POS system and also stock control system  Card reader many cards contain data stored on a magnetic strip  Camera capture still or moving images which can then be input to a computer for processing  Finger printer reader employees could put a finger on the reader at the smart and end of work  As data is entered into the system it needs to be checked for accuracy

13.  Data validation only checks whether the data entered is sensible its does not mean that the data is right data  To check that data is the correct value we use system called data verification  Proof reading after the data has been entered a person compares the orignal data with the data in the computer  If mistakes are spotted they can be corrected by person  Proof reading is quick and simple, but doesn’t catch every mistake

14.  Double entry is entered into the computer twice  The computer compares the sets or data to see if they match if not it generates an error and person will need to correct the mistake