1. The quotes below from George Washington’s 1796 Farewell
Address advocated what policy toward foreign nations?
direct involvement c. colonize other nations
b. favor only one country d. neutrality

2. First U.S. Government Pinckney’s Treaty Jay’s Treaty
Challenge
Response
1. Travel freely on
Mississippi River
Pinckney’s
Treaty
From Spain
2. U.S. goods stored at
New Orleans port duty free
3. 31st parallel is U.S. southern
border
Jay’s
Treaty
From Britain
British to leave Ohio
Valley by 1796
2. Pay damages for U.S. vessels
seized
Pass laws
requiring
neutrality
From France
1793, Washington
declares U.S. would
remain neutral

3. Washington’s legacy: “Father of His Country”
Led Continental Army to victory over Britain in
American Revolution
President of Constitutional Convention in
Philadelphia
First U.S. President
Established customs of the executive department
Proclaimed U.S. neutrality in foreign policy
Built strong central government
Created an effective tax system
Established National Bank

4. Washington on politics . . . p. 328
Let me now warn you against
the [harmful] effects of the spirit of
party This spirit, unfortunately
exists in different shapes in all
governments but in those of
popular form, it is seen in its greatest
rankness and is truly their worst
enemy.
George Washington, Farewell Address
1796
What is the effect of politics on the democratic
process? (consider our modern day govt.)

5. Today’s learning targets:
T1 – Describe the reasons political parties grew
T2 – Summarize the issues dividing Americans during
the Adams presidency & the conflict over states’
rights

6. What did Washington mean by the “Harmful effects
Of the spirit of party”?
Why might Washington’s advice to avoid political
Parties be hard to follow?
Why would he decline a third term?
What did he warn against in his farewell address?
Warned against the “spirit” of political parties &
political division
- Stay out of European affairs (remain neutral)

7. The First Political Parties
A group of people that tries to
promote its ideas and influence
government
Political Party =
It also backs candidates for office
Federalists:
Formed by Hamilton and friends. The party name
Reflected their belief in a STRONG CENTRAL GOVERNMENT
of the federal system
Reflected the growing trade & cities.
Attracted northern merchants & manufacturers.

8. The First Political Parties
A group of people that tries to
promote its ideas and influence
government
Political Party =
It also backs candidates for office
Democratic – Republicans: ( roots are Anti-Federalist, Ch.8)
Founded by Jefferson & Madison.
reflected their strong belief in democracy & the
republican system (STATES’ RIGHTS)
Reflected a rural nation of farmers.
Attracted farmers & workers .

9. The First Political Parties
Democratic – Republicans:
Reflected a rural nation of farmers.
Attracted farmers & workers .
Federalists:
Reflected the growing trade & cities.
Attracted northern merchants & manufacturers.

10. Which statement best describes the main role of
Political parties?
They administer different departments of
national government
They represent the political views of different
groups in society
C. They conduct elections among minority citizens
D. They direct the activities of congressional
committees

11. The Birth of Political Parties
Jefferson
(Democratic-
Republicans)
Hamilton
(Federalists)
Strict / gov’t
can only do
what is listed
Interpretation of
the Constitution?
Loose / flexible
Elastic Clause
Vision of the
Economy?
Based upon trade &
manufacturing
Based upon
farming
Supported
lower classes
working class
What social class
did he favor?
Supported upper
classes
Great Britain
France
Support which nation
in foreign affairs?

12. 1800s Policies – fill in support or oppose & why
Democratic-
Republicans
Federalist
Tariffs (p. 316, 343)
Paying off state
debts p )
National bank
p )
Whiskey tax
p. 321
Alien & Sedition
Acts (p ,339)
French
Revolution
(p. 322)

13. Specific Policies of Federalists & Democratic Republicans (p. 328-329)
Opposed tariffs
hurt competition
Favored protective
tariffs
Tariffs
Paying off state
debts
Favored
Opposed
Opposed, distrusted
National bank
Favored
Opposed, seen as
unfair
Whiskey tax
(p. 321)
Favored raising
revenues
Alien & Sedition
Acts (p.
Favored/limit
criticism
Opposed, limited
free speech/press
French
Revolution
Opposed
Supported

14. Read “John Adam’s Administration” p. 329
What role did political parties have in the election
of 1796?
2. What was noteworthy of the 1796 election results?
First election in which political parties competed &
resulted in a president & vice president from
different parties.

15. 1796 Election Results (16 states in the Union)
John Adams
Massachusetts
Federalist 71
51.4%
Thomas Jefferson
Virginia
Democratic-Republican 68
49.3%
Thomas Pinckney
South Carolina 59
42.8%
Aaron Burr
New York 30
21.7%
Samuel Adams 15
10.9%
Oliver Ellsworth
Connecticut 11
8.0%
George Clinton 7
5.1%
Other -
Total Number of Electors
138
Total Electoral Votes Cast
276
Number of Votes for a Majority 70

16. 1796 Election Results
Adams
Jefferson

17. 3. XYZ Affair & American Foreign Policy
How does this cartoon demonstrate the American
Attitude toward France?
What was the source of tension between the U.S.
& France?

18. XYZ Affair & American Foreign Policy
3. What effect did the affair have on U.S.-French
relations?
Anti-French feelings in U.S. & cancellation of all
treaties
- U.S. navy begins to seize French vessels

19. opinions damaging to the govt (sedition) Arrest or deport aliens
Increased waiting
Period from 5-14
Years for U.S.
citizenship
4. Alien & Sedition
Acts, 1798
Outlawed expressing
opinions damaging to the
govt
(sedition)
Arrest or deport aliens
during wartime

20. 5. What did these resolutions declare?
the Kentucky Resolutions, 1798 & 1799
Based upon the theory
of: States’ Rights
“that states had rights
that the federal gov’t
could not take away
& Virginia Resolutions
“and that states could
nullify the federal law
within its state
These resolutions declared that the Alien & Sedition
Acts were unonstitutional.

21. Presidential Election of 1800
You are the campaign manager for one of the political parties.
Design a poster for your party summarizing the parties view on the following issues:
1. Foreign Policy (France)
2. Alien & Sedition Acts
3. View of Tariffs
4. States’ Rights v. Fed. Govt (Constitution)
5. Goals of your Political Party
Choose one:
Federalist
Democratic-
Republicans

22. Review & study the political party
Chart on p. 329
Turn to your neighbor and quiz on each idea
Put the following U.S. Presidents in proper term sequence:
John Adams, George Washington
Political Party? 1. 2. 3.