1. Warning

3. Mandatory

5. Prohibition

7. Safe Condition

8. Safe Condition

9. Third angle Projection

10. Hatching

11. BSI Kite Mark To make sure Everyone works To the same standards

12. Sink

13. Sink top

14. Washbasin

15. Bath

16. Shower tray

17. WC

18. Window

19. Door

20. Radiator

21. Lamp

22. Switch

23. Socket

24. North Symbol

25. Sawn Timber

26. Concrete

27. Insulation Board

28. Brickwork

29. Floor plan

30. Location Plan

31. Site or Block Plan

32. Array (Rectangular)

33. Mirror

34. Circle

35. Rotate

36. Copy

37. Delete

38. Zoom

39. Chamfer

40. Ellipse

41. Hatch

42. Fillet / arc

43. Break / Trim

44. Circular / Ring array

45. Dimension

46. Wire frame models

47. Surface rendered modelSolid Model

48. Planometric

49. Orthographic Sectional view

50. 2 Point perspective

51. Oblique

52. 1 Point perspective

53. Isometric

54. Exploded view

55. The Colour Wheel

56. Harmonising colours are beside each other on the colour wheel. The following colours are harmonious: Yellow & Orange Red & Violet Blue & Green

57. Contrasting colours are on opposite sides of the colour wheel. The following colours are contrasting: Yellow & Violet Red & Green Blue & Orange

58. Advancing colours appear to come towards you when you look at them. Advancing colours are warm colours: red orange yellow

59. Receding colours appear to move into the background when you look at them. Receding colours are cold colours: blue green violet

60. These colours are used to give a feeling of warmth to a drawing. red yellow orange

61. These colours are used to give a feeling of coldness to a drawing. blue green violet

62. Tone The tone of a colour is how strong or weak a colour is. By applying more coats of a colour its tone can be made stronger.

63. Tint & Shade

64. Tints are created by adding white to a colour. Shades are created by adding black to a colour.

65. Red

66. Great power of attraction Hot Exciting bold Festive Passionate positive Rage Aggression Danger Courage Speed

67. Yellow Warm Sunny Happy Glowing Easily seen Luminous Bright Pleasant Lively Cheerful

68. Blue Cool Elegant Sophisticated Formal Classy Aristocratic Serene Passive Reliable

69. Green Cool Restful natural Calm Soothing Fresh Informal

70. Violet Cool Negative Retiring Subdued Solemn Purple Rich Pompous Impressive Regal

71. Orange Warm Happy Cheerful Energy Refreshing Sunny

72. Neutral Colours Greys Natural Neutral Sedate Browns Natural Earthly Safe Elegant Dignified Inconspicuous Reliable Good

73. Black & White Luminous Positive Light Delicate Clean Subdued Solemn Profound

74. Using three primary colours, RED, YELLOW and BLUE This creates visual excitement Eg The colour scheme of The Early Learning Centre.

75. Advantages of CAD Reduced storage space required. Previously, paper drawings would have required whole rooms to store the drawings for a building. Now this information can be stored on a single disk. Corrections can be made easily. Before, whole drawings may have had to be reproduced on paper if a mistake has been made. Now a single line is deleted and redrawn in the correct place. Repetitive parts of the drawing can be saved and imported as part of a “drawing library”. Paper drawings require objects to be redrawn each time manually which is time consuming. Being able to call the parts in from a library saves the user time. It takes less time to produce drawings using CAD systems than traditional manual drawing methods. Drawings offices often produce their drawings using a standard layout so that people can immediately identify the drawings as belonging to that particular company. Templates can be set up on a computer to make this easier. No matter what size of drawing is being produced CAD systems can be used to produce them accurately. Grid Snap, Zoom and Attach commands are 3 examples of methods of producing accurate drawings easily. CAD systems can be linked with CAM machines to produce objects straight from the drawings. This is referred to as CAD/CAM CAM stands for Computer Aided Manufacture. This is a cheaper and quicker method of producing the final product. Because 3D CAD designs are so realistic and can be made to look like the actual material they will be made from, clients can see exactly what is being made so a physical model is not required, reducing costs and the time it takes to design a new product. Designers can use powerful CAD computer packages to make virtual reality simulations of the layout of their buildings. This means that the client can have a “look around” the building before it is built and changes can be made at this early stage. This results in a faster design of the building and a higher quality end product. It is also cheaper to make any changes at this stage rather than while the building is being constructed. On an ever greater scale, the Internet can be used to share plans and designs with anyone in the world that also has an Internet connection. This means that specialised work can take place between different countries quickly and cheaply.

76. Disadvantages of CAD Initial costs of buying a computer system are high. As computer systems can be used to produce quicker CAD drawings less people need to be employed. CAD/CAM systems also means less people need to be employed. It takes a long time to make CAD drawings of the existing drawings a company already has. Viruses. Training time for new software. Power cuts. Hackers / Computer data theft.

77. Layering Layering is building up of a drawing one section at a time. Each layer can be switched on and off. Things can be viewed as separate sections or all the parts in their place ie. Electrics, plumbing, furniture etc

78. Animation Animation is like a film or cartoon that can only be watched. Improves realism Enables the creation of impossible action and stunts Safer than filming with actors Cheaper than filming with actors

79. Simulation Simulation is where you can interact with the software. Computer simulations can represent real or imaginary situations. They allow users to study or safely try things that would be difficult or impossible to do in real life. Flight simulator

80. Input Devices  Keyboard  Mouse  Joystick  Trackerball

81.  Graphics Tablet  Optical Scanner  Digital Camera

82. Output Devices  Visual Display Unit  Dot Matrix Printer  Bubblejet (Inkjet)Printer

83.  Laser Printer  Flatbed Plotter  Drum Plotter

84. Storage  Hard Disk  CD ROM  USB Pen drive  Micro disc  Memory card External Hard Drive MP3 or MP4 Player

85. Line Type 6 1Outline 2Hidden 3Cutting plane 4Hatching 5Dimension 6Centre

86. Computer packages

87. DTPDesktop Publishing Word Processing CAD Paint / Illustration

88. Hatching Different Parts

89. Dimensions

90. 1 ColumnsSplits text into vertical parts (newspapers) 2 RulesLine below text or between columns 3 MarginsArea of white space going round the page 4 CaptionsDescription text below a graphic 5 HeadersText at the top of the page repeated throughout the document 6 Footers/FolioLine of text or page number at the bottom 7 GuttersGaps between columns of text 8 BoxesBorder round text or image 9 ReversesWhite text on black 10 Graphic/ImageDrawing, image, picture etc 11 HeadlineLarge text to show the content 12 Text WrapSurround a diagram with text 13 Sub HeadingA heading for a smaller part of the document 14 AlignmentText to the right, left or centre 15 FormatArrangement of text, text styles, graphics and columns 16 White spaceLarge areas of space round a text or picture 16 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 is all of the layout