1. Welcome to 8 th Grade U.S. History Mr. Hughes

2. Current Events Set 14 1. “ A Day That Will Live in Infamy: Americans Remember on 73rd Anniversary of Pearl Harbor Day.” Japan’s sneak attack (12/7/1941) on Hawaii naval base marked entry of the U.S. into World War II. 2,408 men died and 1,178 were wounded, 12 ships sunk, 323 aircraft destroyed Zero Tomb & Memorial

3. Current Event #2 2. “ Greece Protests British Museum After it Lends Russia Controversial Parthenon Marble Statue (438 BC).” Amid sanctions (economic not cultural), river god, Ilissos statue will go on display in Russia’s Hermitage Museum. Parthenon sculptures were “acquired” by Lord Elgin in the early 1800’s; Greece demands their return

4. Current Event #3 3. “12 Year-old Boy (7 th grader) Commits Suicide Allegedly After Bullying for Being a Cheerleader.” Did Folsom Middle School & district do enough after complaints were made known by the parents? Parents went to the school with multiple complaints; ultimately deciding to homeschool Ronin Shimizu

5. Current Event #4 4. “ Cruel & Unusual? Senate Intelligence Committee Report Reveals CIA’s Brutal Interrogation Techniques.” Report claims Americans were deceived about torture methods & treatment of terror suspects after 9/11. Some experts think this will embolden terrorists to want to hurt the United States or Americans living overseas

6. Current Event #5 Costs less than $1 a shot and is cleared for use by ship captains for self defense 5. “U.S. Navy Unveils New Futuristic (LAWS ) Laser Weapon System Deployed in the Persian Gulf.” Weapon is fired using a video game-like controller and can shoot drones, helicopters and small boats.

7. 26 th Amendment Abolition of slavery Poll Tax 18 th Amendment Income Taxes January 20th Two Terms January 3rd 14 th Amendment 19 th Amendment Suffrage 15 th Amendment

8. Electing a President Election day: Citizens 18 and older vote for President The candidate with the most votes in each state wins that state’s total electoral votes. (Winner take all) The number of “electors” equals the state’s total number of senators + representatives. Winning the states with the largest populations counts a lot. There are 538 “electors” in The U.S.; a candidate needs a majority; (at least 270/538) to become President Getting the most popular votes or winning the most states doesn’t guarantee victory If no one gets 270 Electoral votes, or a tie, the House of Rep chooses the Pres.

9. Think – Pair - Share What do you think accounts for the population patterns? Electing the President… where do people live? History Standard: 8.2 Why do they live there?

10. Three Branches of Government House State’s population (435) Term: 2 years Minimum age: 25 Citizenship: 7 years Residency: elected state Senate 2 per state (100) Term: 6 years Minimum age: 30 Citizenship: 9 years Residency: inhabitant of state Term: life Appointed by President (9) Approved by: Senate Minimum age: none Citizenship: U.S. Term: 4 years Limit: 2 terms = 8 years Minimum age: 35 Citizenship natural born Residency: 14 years Voted by: citizens Chosen by Electoral College Legislative / Congress Executive / President Judicial / Supreme Court

11. The Electoral College “Electors” Senators = 100 + Representatives = 435 + Washington, DC = 3 Total votes = 538 Winner = 269 + 1 = 270 Popular votes = all the votes from every state added together (doesn’t guarantee victory) Electoral votes = the votes that each state is worth based on its population & representation 4

12. Electing the President

13. Constitution Collage Due: Wednesday (12/17) B = 6 pictures plus captions & descriptions – 1 representing the Preamble (1 of the 6 goals) – 1 representing the Legislative Branch – 1 representing the Executive Branch – 1 representing the Judicial Branch – 1 representing one of the Bill of Rights (1-10) – 1 representing another Amendment (11-27) A = 10 pictures plus captions – All of the above + 4 free choice pictures & descriptions (Preamble, Branches or Amendments)

14. Constitution Collage The Supreme Court reviews laws to make sure they are Constitutional. The Justices also can declare an act of the President unconstitional. Judicial Branch: Article III The Preamble: Provide for the Common Defense One goal of the government stated in the Preamble is to protect and defend the United States. The government has military forces like the Army, Navy and Marine Corps to do this. 2 nd Amendment The 2 nd Amendment protects all Americans of legal age to own or possess certain types of firearms for our own protection or use.

15. Constitution Collage This is President Obama meeting with the Prime Minister of Iraq. He is acting as Chief of State and meeting with a world leader Executive Branch: Article II Legislative Branch: Article I This is the House of Representatives. They are voting in Congress and deciding whether or not an idea called a “Bill” will become a law. 13 th Amendment The 13 th Amendment abolished slavery after the Civil War. It made slavery illegal and freed slaves in the South.

16. Three Branches of Government Enumerated Powers (required) 1. $ = Taxation, Currency, Counterfeiting 2. Commerce, trade, copyrights, patents 3. Citizenship, impeachment, military 4. Declare war, Approve treaties & appointments Implied Powers (not specified) 5. “Make all laws necessary & proper” * Hamilton = broad / flexible / loose * Jefferson = narrow / rigid / strict What do they do? Responsibilities Legislative Congress House Senate “Article 1” Section 8 Age =25 Term = 2 Citizen = 7 Age =30 Term = 6 Citizen = 9

17. Three Branches of Government 1. Sign, veto, enforce laws 2. Foreign relations (State dept.) 3. Negotiates treaties 4. Appoints federal judges & ambassadors 5. Selects cabinet secretaries 6. Executive orders & pardons What do they do? Responsibilities Executive Branch President Vice Pres Cabinet Article 2 Age = 35 Term = 4 Citizen = natural Resident = 14

18. Three Branches of Government 1. Reviews new laws 2. Can declare Presidential actions unconstitutional 3. Reviews lower court cases 4. Operates courts of appeal 5. Chief Justice presides over impeachment trials. 6. Decides cases of Treason What do they do? Responsibilities Judicial Branch Supreme Court Federal Courts Article 3