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Published byMabel Fleming Modified over 9 years ago
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Analysis & Interpretation: Individual Variables Independently Chapter 12
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Basic Statistics: Categorical Measures Categorical Measures Categorical Measures Frequency Analysis Frequency Analysis Valid percent Valid percent Cumulative percent Cumulative percent
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Frequency Analysis Outliers Outliers Histogram Histogram
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Confidence Intervals: Proportions “A projection of the range within which a population parameter will lie at a given level of confidence, based on sample statistic.” “A projection of the range within which a population parameter will lie at a given level of confidence, based on sample statistic.” Sampling error: Sampling error:
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Basic Statistics: Continuous Measures Continuous Measures Continuous Measures Descriptive Statistics Descriptive Statistics Sample mean Sample mean Sample standard deviation Sample standard deviation Source: echrblog.blogspot.com
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Basic Statistics: Continuous Measures Converting to Categorical Measures Converting to Categorical Measures Judgment Judgment Client’s predetermined structure Client’s predetermined structure Media split Media split Cumulative percentage breakdown Cumulative percentage breakdown Two-box technique Two-box technique
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Confidence Intervals: Means Same idea Same idea Equation: Equation:
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Hypothesis Testing Null hypothesis Null hypothesis Alternative hypothesis Alternative hypothesis Significance level Significance level “The acceptable level of error; refers to the probability of rejecting the null hypothesis when it is actually true” P-value P-value “The probability of obtaining a given result if in fact the null hypothesis were true.”
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Hypothesis Testing What does this mean? What does this mean? If p > α If p > α If p < α If p < α
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Hypothesis Testing Categorical Variables Categorical Variables Chi-square tests Chi-square tests Continuous Variables Continuous Variables T-Tests T-Tests
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