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Published byPreston Norton Modified over 9 years ago
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Let the fun begin Yeah
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22-3 Your Digestive System -What organs make up your digestive system?? -What is the path that food Travels in your body??
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Digestion Process of breaking down food into small molecules that can be used for energy Not all food is used for energy.
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Mechanical vs. Chemical Digestion Mechanical= food is broken down into smaller pieces – Done in the mouth and stomach
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Chemical = large molecules are broken down into smaller molecules through changes by different chemicals – Molecules will be absorbed after this – Found in mouth, stomach, + small intestine Both of these are used to release energy for the body
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Major organs for this process are: – Mouth – Esophagus – Stomach – Small Intestine – Large Intestine – Rectum – Anus
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Your Mouth JOB- food is cut into smaller pieces mechanical and chemical digestion occurs here.
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Esophagus JOB- connect mouth and stomach Basically is a long tube (25 cm) that connects the stomach to the mouth.
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Peristalsis- – waves of contractions by smooth muscles, move the food through the esophagus.
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Stomach JOB= Food is turned into a soup (chyme) Mechanical (turns food) Chemical digestion (enzymes and acid) occurs Changes shape- when empty- is a long tube (hotdog/sausage), when full- expands in size.
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Has Stomach Acid – Is very acidic- pH = 9, is Hydrochloric acid- – would eat away your stomach, but the stomach has lining to not let happen Food stays here for about 4 hrs.
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Small Intestine JOB = Food is absorbed here Is very long (4m to 7m) Pancreas, liver, and gallbladder release enzymes into the small intestine
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Inside of the small intestine has many ridges and folds= villi – This allows the food to be absorbed by the blood
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Large Intestine Job= to absorb water from the chyme, causing chyme to turn to a solid form Chyme may stay in the large intestine up to 3 days to get the job done
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Rectum + Anus Rectum- – Waste is stored here temporarily tell expelled Anus- – Waste leaves the body here
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Minor Organs Appendix Liver Pancreas Gall Bladder Teeth Salivary Glands Tongue
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Teeth – Cut/Tear food into smaller piece Salivary Glands – Make and store saliva Tongue – Moves the food around and helps a person talk
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Liver – Makes bile Gall Bladder – Stores Bile – Found hidden in the liver Pancreas – Releases juices into the small intestine to breakdown and help food be absorbed – Hidden behind your stomach Appendix – Stores bacteria – Located off the large intestine
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What are Enzymes? What is the role of Enzymes in our body?? Can anyone name a few examples of enzymes in the body.
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Enzymes These are molecules that speed up reactions in our body Can reduce amount of energy needed or provide a place for the reaction to occur
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Enzymes also help build molecules (besides just breaking them down) – Used in blood clots – Found in Muscle and nervous systems
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Humans couldn’t exist if they didn’t have enzymes.
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Saliva- – has amylase- this starts the break down carbohydrates Stomach- – has pepsin- this starts the break down of proteins
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Enzymes -Insulin- -Released by the pancreas, -Allows glucose to be absorbed in the blood
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Bile – Released by gallbladder – helps breakdown fats
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Food Absorption Peristalsis helps food continue to move throughout the digestive tract Food molecules will start to move into the bloodstream by diffusion, osmosis, and active transportation
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Once in the bloodstream they will go throughout the body- giving it energy
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Good Bacteria in the Body Bacteria are heavily found in the large intestine. They break down cellulose (carbohydrate found in plants) – releasing several vit. and minerals
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Bacteria and humans have a mutualism relationship
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The End
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