1. HEAT
Definition of Heat?

2. Definition
Heat is the amount of energy (thermal energy) that every body or object is radiating, resulting in molecule movement due to temperature gradients. The term heat in general can be defined as the movement of energy from one system to the environment deriving as a sole consequence of the temperature difference between them.

3. Units of Measurement
Calorie (cal) and Kilo-calorie (kcal) was the unit of measurement that was initially applied for heat measurement. One Kcal is defined as the amount of energy that a liter of water requires in order to increase its temperature by one degree Celcius under normal conditions of pressure.
Unit of Measurement in SI is joule.
BTU is used in cooling (air conditioning)
kcal is used in heating (Burner)
1 BTU = Joule Joule = 0,947 BTU
1 kWh = Joule Joule = 2,777 kWh
1 kcal = 4.186,8 Joule Joule = 2,388 kcal
1.000 BTU = 0,293 kWh 1 kWh = BTU
1.000 kcal = 1,163 kWh 1 kWh = 859 kcal

4. HEAT TRANSFER
CONDUCTION OR DIFFUSION
The transfer of energy between objects that are in physical contact so that an equilibrium is achieved (e.g. when body temperature is measured).
CONVECTION
The transfer of energy between an object and its environment, due to fluid motion.
RADIATION
The transfer of energy to or from a body by emission or absorption of electromagnetic radiation. Heat is transferred by radiation either through matter or through vacuum of space. The most prominent example of heat radiation is the heat transfer from the Sun to Earth. Thermal radiation is a direct result of the random movements of atoms and molecules in matter. Since these atoms and molecules are composed of charged particles (protons and electrons), their movement results in the emission of electromagnetic radiation, which carries energy away from the surface. Thermal radiation emission is achieved due to electromagnetic waves,

5. BUILDING ENERGY EFFICIECNY LEGISLATION (Κ.ΕΝ.Α.Κ)
LAW 3661/2008
ΚΕΝΑΚ IS A TOOL ADDRESSING:
THE WAY NEW BUILDINGS SHOULD BE BUILD
THE CERTIFICATION OF EXISTING BUILDINGS FOR THEIR ENERGY EFFICIENCY LEVEL

6. FOUNDING EQUATION IN HEAT TRANSFER
Q = A * U * ΔΤ
Q: Heat Flow (kWh/h)
A: Surface (m2)
ΔΤ: Temperature Gradient (Κ)
U: Heat Conductance Co-efficient (W/m2K)

7. Heat Circulation Summer Winter

8. Climatic Zones in Greece

9. Building Categories
Building Use
Housing
House, Block of apartments (building of more than one independed apartments) ,
Temporary Housing
Hotels, Hostel, Boarding, Dormitory.
Public Gathering place
Convection center, exhibition center, museum, concert hall, theater, cinema, court, fitness center (closed), closed swimming pool, restaurant, patisserie, coffee shop, bank, multiplexes..
Education
Kindergarten, Elementary School, High School and Senior High School, Higher Education, teaching rooms etc
Health and Social Welfare
Hospital, Clinic, Rural surgery, Surgery, Health Center, Doctor’s Office, Psychiatric Clinic, Special Needs Therapy Center, nursery, etc.
Reformation Centers
Prison, rehabilitation center
Commerce
Shop, Commercial Center (shopping mall) , hypermarket, chemist shop, hairdresser’s shop etc.
Office
Office, Library
Storage
Storing warehouse, shop storage, museum storage.

10. ESSENTIAL POINTS DURING THE ENERGY CERTIFICATION PROCESS
BUILDING ENVELOPE
External Building Surface, Openings, Floors, Ceilings, Orientation, Shading, Ventilation
REFERENCE BUILDING
HEATING SYSTEM (Boiler),
COOLING SYSTEM (Air Conditioning),
HOT WATER SYSTEM (Solar or Electric)

11. Building Envelope in the 4 Climatic Zones in Greece

12. Energy Efficiency in various Building Categories
Category
Category Limit Α+
ΕΡ ≤ 0,33RR
T ≤ 0,33 Α
0,33RR < ΕΡ ≤ 0,50RR
0,33 < T ≤ 0,50 Β+
0,50RR < ΕΡ ≤ 0,75RR
0,50 < T ≤ 0,75 Β
0,75RR < ΕΡ ≤1,00RR
0,75 < T ≤ 1,00 Γ
1,00RR < ΕΡ ≤ 1,41RR
1,00 < T ≤ 1,41 Δ
1,41RR < ΕΡ ≤ 1,82RR
1,41 < T ≤ 1,82 Ε
1,82RR < ΕΡ ≤ 2,27RR
1,82 < T ≤ 2,27 Ζ
2,27RR < ΕΡ ≤ 2,73RR
2,27 < T ≤ 2,73 Η
2,73RR < ΕΡ
2,73 < T

16. EXAMPLE OF A HOME ENERGY CERTIFICATE

17. EXERCISE FOR GROUPS A,B,C

18. RATIO OF CONSUMPTION / REFERENCE BUILDING
RESULT COMPARISON
HEAT (Wh/h)
EXTERNAL SURFACE
GROUP Α
GROUP Β
GROUP C
EASTERN
1.392,12
428,90
765,00
SOUTH
1.597,32
423,14
739,80
WEST
1.451,52
480,38
864,00
NORTHERN
1.441,80
288,36
480,60
FLOOR
1.986,48
768,96
CEILING
4.613,76
576,72
1.153,44
TOTAL
12.483,00
2.966,47
5.989,32
RATIO OF CONSUMPTION / REFERENCE BUILDING
GROUP Β
2.966,47
Wh/h
2.966,47/2.966,47
1,00
GROUP Α
12.483,00
12.483,00/2.966,47
4,21
GROUP C
5.989,32
5.989,32/2.966,47
2,02

20. Β ENERGY CLASSIFICATION SCALE
GROUP’S Β BUILDING BELONGS TO
Β ENERGY CLASSIFICATION SCALE
GROUP’S Α BUILDING BELONGS TO
Η ENERGY CLASSIFICATION SCALE
GROUP’S C BUILDING BELONGS TO
Ε ENERGY CLASSIFICATION SCALE

21. E-SOURCES FOR LITERAURE REVIEW