1. Chapter 8 part 2

2. France LIMBOURG BROTHERS, Les Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry, 1413–1416. Fig. 8-9.

3. France Example: Book of Hours for private patron Illusionistic treatment of space Luxury item Scenes of daily life, identifiable settings Painting by secular artists, not monks LIMBOURG BROTHERS, Les Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry, 1413–1416. Fig. 8- 9.

4. Holy Roman Empire MARTIN SCHONGAUER, Saint Anthony Tormented by Demons, ca. 1480–1490. Fig. 8-12.

5. Holy Roman Empire Example: Print, engraving Cross-hatches for shading Surface description of textures Printing responds to rise in literacy and improved economy MARTIN SCHONGAUER, Saint Anthony Tormented by Demons, ca. 1480–1490. Fig. 8-12.

6. Italy Dates and Places: 1400-1500 Independent courts on the Italian peninsula People: Humanism Revival of classical learning Self-aggrandizing patrons LORENZO GHIBERTI, Sacrifice of Isaac, 1401–1402. Fig. 8-14.

7. Italy Themes: Life of Christ and the Virgin Mary Secular life Classical themes Forms: Linear perspective Classical forms Optical naturalism Window onto the world PIERO DELLA FRANCESCA, Flagellation of Christ, ca. 1455– 1465. Fig. 8-35.

8. Italy LORENZO GHIBERTI, Gates of Paradise, 1425–1452. Fig. 8- 15.

9. Italy Example: Civic commission Bronze doors of baptistery Linear perspective Aerial perspective Classical models Story-telling narrative clarity LORENZO GHIBERTI, Gates of Paradise, 1425–1452. Fig. 8-15.

10. Italy DONATELLO, David, ca. 1440– 1460. Fig. 8-19.

11. Italy Example: First nude sculpture since antiquity Bronze cast sculpture Civic symbol of Florence Private patron (Medici) Sensuous contrapposto for calm hero DONATELLO, David, ca. 1440–1460. Fig. 8-19.

12. Italy DONATELLO, Gattamelata, ca. 1445– 1453. Fig. 8-20.

13. Italy Example: Public monument Bronze equestrian portrait Modeled after Marcus Aurelius Contemporary condottiere dressed as Roman general Image of strength and power DONATELLO, Gattamelata, ca. 1445–1453. Fig. 8-20.

14. Italy MASACCIO, Holy Trinity, ca. 1424–1427. Fig. 8-23.

15. Italy Example: Fresco in church, donor portraits Applies linear perspective based on location of viewer’s eye Illusionistic extension of viewer’s space Classical architectural vocabulary MASACCIO, Holy Trinity, ca. 1424–1427. Fig. 8-23.