1. ENERGY INDUSTRY FUNDAMENTALS: MODULE 3, UNIT C— Overview of Emerging and Alternative Generation Technologies

2.  Watt (W): basic unit of electrical power  kilowatt (kW): 1,000 watts  kilowatt-hours (kWh): unit used for expressing energy use per hour (useful for billing)  Megawatt (MW): 1,000,000 watts

3. ENERGY INDUSTRY FUNDAMENTALS: MODULE 3, UNIT C— Overview of Emerging and Alternative Generation Technologies  17.93 trillion kWh consumed globally  U.S. consumes 3.8 trillion kWh  China consumes 3.4 trillion kWh  European Union 2.9 trillion kWh  Japan 926 billion kWh  Russia 858 billion kWh  India 568 billion kWh CIA World Factbook, 2010

4. ENERGY INDUSTRY FUNDAMENTALS: MODULE 3, UNIT C— Overview of Emerging and Alternative Generation Technologies  What percentage of the world’s electricity is consumed by the United States? (21%)  What percentage is consumed by the top 6 electricity-using countries? (69%) CIA World Factbook, 2010

5. ENERGY INDUSTRY FUNDAMENTALS: MODULE 3, UNIT C— Overview of Emerging and Alternative Generation Technologies  Nonrenewable sources of fuel for electricity will still dominate the market, with 77-80% of the world’s consumers still relying on fossil fuels and nuclear power Source: DOE/EIA-0484(2010 )

6. ENERGY INDUSTRY FUNDAMENTALS: MODULE 3, UNIT C— Overview of Emerging and Alternative Generation Technologies  Will not be replenished naturally  A finite amount exists—once it’s gone there is no more  Fossil fuels [petroleum, coal, natural gas]  Radioactive ore  Their use has environmental and economic consequences

7. ENERGY INDUSTRY FUNDAMENTALS: MODULE 3, UNIT C— Overview of Emerging and Alternative Generation Technologies  An estimated 20-23% of the world’s electricity will come from alternative, renewable sources of power  17% of the electricity in the U.S. will come from renewable sources Source: DOE/EIA-0484(2010); US EIA Energy in Brief

8. ENERGY INDUSTRY FUNDAMENTALS: MODULE 3, UNIT C— Overview of Emerging and Alternative Generation Technologies  Regenerate naturally in a relatively short amount of time  Biomass—from plant material and organic waste  Geothermal—from the earth’s heat  Solar—from the radiant energy of the sun  Hydro—from falling water or ocean tides  Wind  Their use also has environmental and economic consequences

9. ENERGY INDUSTRY FUNDAMENTALS: MODULE 3, UNIT C— Overview of Emerging and Alternative Generation Technologies http://www.eia.doe.gov/energy_in_brief/sl ideshows/renewable_energy.html

10. ENERGY INDUSTRY FUNDAMENTALS: MODULE 3, UNIT C— Overview of Emerging and Alternative Generation Technologies  87 garbage-to-electricity plants in the U.S.  490 landfills have 526 operating gas-to- energy projects in the U.S.  California has 74 landfill gas energy projects; Michigan has 34, and Illinois has 32  Biomass use is underreported globally, as it can include burning wood or trash for heating and cooking Source: EIA, Energy Kids

11. ENERGY INDUSTRY FUNDAMENTALS: MODULE 3, UNIT C— Overview of Emerging and Alternative Generation Technologies Source: U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy

12. ENERGY INDUSTRY FUNDAMENTALS: MODULE 3, UNIT C— Overview of Emerging and Alternative Generation Technologies  California—The Geysers is the world’s largest plant generating electricity from steam produced from geothermal power (3,086 MW)  Philippines (1,904 MW)  Indonesia (1,197 MW)  Mexico (958 MW)  Italy (843 MW)  New Zealand (628 MW)  Iceland (575 MW) Source: Geothermal Energy: International Market Update, May 2010

13. ENERGY INDUSTRY FUNDAMENTALS: MODULE 3, UNIT C— Overview of Emerging and Alternative Generation Technologies  They are near fault lines (earthquake zones, volcanoes, etc.) = geologically active

14. ENERGY INDUSTRY FUNDAMENTALS: MODULE 3, UNIT C— Overview of Emerging and Alternative Generation Technologies  California: Solar Energy Generating Systems consists of 9 concentrating solar plants in the Mojave Desert; largest thermal solar plant in the world  Portugal and Germany have large photovoltaic installations  China is now the largest manufacturer of solar panels  Covering just 4% of the world’s deserts with PV cells would provide electricity for the whole world Source: EIA Energy Kids; NYT, “China Leading Global Race to Make Clean Energy

15. ENERGY INDUSTRY FUNDAMENTALS: MODULE 3, UNIT C— Overview of Emerging and Alternative Generation Technologies

16.  China (549 billion kWh)  Brazil (387 billion kWh)  Canada (363 billion kWh)  United States (272 billion kWh)  Russia (162 billion kWh)  Norway (125 billion kWh) Source: EIA, International Energy Statistics, 2009

17. ENERGY INDUSTRY FUNDAMENTALS: MODULE 3, UNIT C— Overview of Emerging and Alternative Generation Technologies

18.  Bermuda (75 billion kWh)  United States (71 billion kWh)  Germany (36 billion kWh)  Spain (35 billion kWh)  China (25 billion kWh)  China is now the world’s largest maker of wind turbines Source: EIA, International Energy Statistics, 2009; NYT, “China Leading Global Race to Make Clean Energy, Jan. 20, 2010

19. ENERGY INDUSTRY FUNDAMENTALS: MODULE 3, UNIT C— Overview of Emerging and Alternative Generation Technologies  U.S. Energy Information Administration International Statistics http://www.eia.gov/emeu/international /contents.html http://www.eia.gov/emeu/international /contents.html  CIA World Factbook https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the -world-factbook/index.html https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the -world-factbook/index.html