1. Business Communication Workshop
Course Coordinator: Ayyaz Qadeer Lecture # 10

2. We have discussed….
What are the four steps in the process for organizing messages?
How does the audience benefit from a well-organized message?
Organizing: Direct or Indirect Approach
Routine, Good-News, and Goodwill Messages: Its construction and manner of composition.
Bad-News Messages: Its construction and manner of composition.
Persuasive Messages: Its construction and manner of composition.
Post writing stage: Producing the document
Editing and proof reading

3. Improving Writing techniques

4. Research Methods for Gathering Information
Search manually (books, magazines, journals).
Access electronically (Internet, databases, compact discs).
Go to the source (interviews, surveys, questionnaires, focus groups).
Conduct scientific experiments (measure variables using control groups).
Look in organization files.
Talk with your boss.
Interview the target audience.
Conduct an informal survey.
Brainstorm for ideas.

5. Organize Information With an Outline
Title
I. First major component
A. First subpoint
1. Detail, illustration, evidence
2. Detail, illustration, evidence
B. Second subpoint

6. Organize Information With an Outline
Tips:
Define main topic in title.
Divide the topic into three to five main points.
Break the components into subpoints.
Strive to make each component exclusive (no overlapping).
Don’t put a single item under a major component.
Use details, illustrations, and evidence to support subpoints.

7. Effective Sentences
Complete sentences have subjects and verbs and make sense (are capable of standing alone).
Example:
Subject Verb
Employees send many messages.

8. Effective Sentences
Clauses also have subjects and verbs. Independent clauses can stand alone; dependent clauses rely on independent clauses for their meaning.
Example:
Dependent Clause Independent Clause
When you speak, you reveal yourself.

9. Effective Sentences (Simple Sentences)
One Complete Clause, No Conjunction
Ahmar, quite pale with fright, hurried into the room.
Subject word: Ahmar,
Attribute: quite pale with fright,
Predicate
Verb: hurried
Object:
Complement:
Adverbial Qualification: into the room.
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10. Effective Sentences
Phrases are groups of related words without subjects and verbs.
Example:
Phrase Phrase
In the afternoon, I work at the mall.

11. Effective Sentences (Compound Sentences)
COMPLETE CLAUSES: COORDINATIVE CONJUNCTION
We must eat to live
but
we should not live to eat
Govern your passions Or
they will govern you
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12. Effective Sentences (Complex Sentences)
Complete and Incomplete Clauses and Sub-ordinative Conjunction
If you work hard,
you will get through the exam.
A guest is unwelcome
when he stays too long.
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13. Effective Sentences (Sentence Fragments)
Avoid sentence fragments.
Fragment
Even though the pay was low. Many candidates applied.
Revision:
Even though the pay was low, many candidates applied.

14. Effective Sentences (Run-on Sentences)
Avoid run-on (fused) sentences.
Fused Sentences
Two candidates applied only one was hired.
Revisions:
Two candidates applied. Only one was hired.
Two candidates applied; only one was hired.
Two candidates applied, but only one was hired.

15. Try Your Skill
Revise the following to avoid fragments, run-on sentences, and comma-splices.
You can create a Web-based job portfolio it will impress potential employers.
You can create a Web-based job portfolio; it will impress potential employers.

16. Try Your Skill
Revise the following to avoid fragments, run-on sentences.
Send a scannable résumé. When you apply for a job.
Send a scannable résumé when you apply for a job.

17. Try Your Skill
Revise the following to avoid fragments, run-on sentences.
Although technical skills are important. Communication skills are also in great demand.
Although technical skills are important, communication skills are also in great demand.

18. Try Your Skill
Revise the following to avoid fragments, run-on sentences.
College used to be for young people, however many older students now seek degrees.
College used to be for young people; however, many older students now seek degrees.

19. Recapitulation Research Methods for Gathering Information
Organize Information with an outline: Define main topic in title.
Divide the topic into three to five main points.
Break the components into sub-points.
Effective Sentences: subject-verb agreement
Simple Sentences: One complete clause, no conjunction
Compound Sentences: Complete clauses, coordinative conjunction

20. Recapitulation
Complex Sentences: Complete and incomplete clauses and sub-ordinative conjunction
Sentence Fragments
Run-on Sentences

21. Thank You