1. Special diets

2. Reasons that influence food choice
Religion – (Sikh, Hindu, Muslim, Jewish). Health – reduce cholesterol (red meat & fat). Animal welfare – believe animals should not be killed for food or object to how they are reared (intensive farming). Taste – some people don’t like the taste or texture of meat. Allergy or intolerance – some people can not eat some food groups e.g. nuts, dairy foods, flour. Environmental issues – pollution, expense & quantity produced (meat more expensive than crops).

3. Semi or demi vegetarian
Types of vegetarian
Type of vegetarian
What they will not eat
Semi or demi vegetarian
Don’t eat red meat but will eat fish and poultry
Lacto-ovo vegetarian
Don’t eat meat, poultry or fish but will eat dairy products and eggs
Lacto vegetarian
Don’t eat meat, poultry, fish, or eggs but will eat dairy products
Ovo vegetarian
Don’t eat meat, poultry, fish, dairy products, but will eat eggs
Vegans
Don’t eat meat, poultry, fish or animal products including eggs and dairy products

4. Medical terms; Term Meaning Allergy
(reaction to milk protein)
An adverse reaction to the body to certain substances e.g. nuts.
Food intolerance
(intolerance to milk sugar, lactose)
Condition that requires someone to avoid a certain food because of the affect on the body.
Allergic reaction
The way in which the body responds to some foods, for example: a rash, swelling and anaphylactic shock.

5. What should they avoid? Diabetes No special diet; dietary guidelines
Low fat diet
Fatty foods or high fat ingredients
Low salt diet
Salt or processed foods
Nut allergy
(anaphylaxis)
Avoid nuts
Lactose intolerance
Avoid drinking milk but can eat cheese and yogurt (lactose converted to lactic acid)
Gluten intolerance
(coeliac disease)
Avoid products made from wheat, barley, oats, or rye