1. Chapter 11 Section 1 Notes

2. 11 Byzantines, Russians, and Turks Interact, 500–1500 HOME Time Line
CHAPTER
Byzantines, Russians, and Turks Interact, 500–1500
Time Line
850s
Byzantine culture spreads to Russia.
1240
Kiev destroyed by Mongols.
500
1500
527
Justinian becomes ruler of Byzantine Empire.
1054
Christianity splits into Roman Catholic and Orthodox branches.
1480
Ivan III ends Mongol control of Russia.

3. I. A New Rome in a New Setting

4. A. Constantine planned Constantinople as the new capitol of the New Empire

6. The Fall of Constantinople, 1453

7. B. The west began to decline while the east began to prosper

8. C. Justinian : A New Line of Caesars

10. 1. Both empires divided in 395

11. Justinian takes over

12. 3. In 533 Justinian sends out his best general Belisarius to reconquer the Roman Empire

13. a. Able to control from Spain, across North Africa to the Eastern Empire

14. D. The Absolute Power of the Emperors

15. 1. Ruled with absolute power

16. 2. Ruled over the State and Church

17. 3. Appointed and dismissed bishops at will

18. 4. Emperors were under constant threat of assassination

19. a. Of 88, 29 died violently, while 13 abdicated the throne (Left)

20. II. Building the New Rome

21. A. The people of the Byzantine Empire thought of themselves as part of the Roman tradition

22. Byzantine Empire

23. B. Began to drop Latin and spoke Greek

24. C. Between 528 and 533 Justinian created his Code of Laws

26. 1. The Code contained nearly 5,000 Roman Laws

27. 2. The Digest summarized Rome’s greatest law thinkers

28. 3. The Institutes told law students how to use the laws

29. 4. The Novellae were new laws added after 534

30. D. Creating the Imperial Capital

31. 1. Justinian had an ambitious public building program

32. 2. Constantinople had a 14 mile wall around it

34. Constantinople Wall

35. 3. Church building was a passion for him

36. a. Hagia Sophia ( Holy Wisdom)

37. E. Constantinople’s Hectic Pace

38. 1. Main street was called the Mese

39. a. Merchants lined the street

40. b. Became an International city

41. 2. Hippodrome citizens could enjoy free entertainment

42. a. Greek for Horse and racecourse

43. b. Held 60,000

44. 3. Nika Rebellion Blues and Greens

45. a. Belisarius kills 30,000

46. b. Theodora , Justinians wife urged him to stand

47. Theodora

48. III. Byzantium Preserves Learning

49. Byzantium

50. A. Families valued education

51. 1. Sent children to monastic or public schools

52. 2. Subjects included;

53. a. Greek

54. b. Latin

55. c. Philosophy

56. d. Rhetoric

57. e. Classical text

58. IV. The Empire Confronts its Enemies

59. A. By 565 there were street riots, religious quarrels, palace intrigues, and threats from foreigners

60. B. The Mysterious Plague of Justinian

61. 1. Disease that resembled the bubonic plague

62. 2. By 542 10,000 people a day were dying

63. 3. The plague broke out every 8 to 12 years until it died out in 700

64. C. Attacks from East and West

65. 1. Germanic tribes attacked from the west

66. a. Avars, Slavs, Bulgars

67. 2. The Sassanid Persians attacked from the East with help of the Muslims

69. a. Unsuccessful battles against Constantinople

70. 1. 626, 674, 717, 860, 1043

71. b. In 1204 western Crusaders conquer Constantinople in 1204 eventually causing the Empire to fall to the Muslims or Ottoman Turks in 1453

72. V. The Church Divides

73. A. Two early church fathers

74. 1. Saint Basil 357 wrote rules for monks in the east

75. St. Basil

76. 2. Saint John Chrysostom became the first Patriarch

78. B. The west bans the use of icons

79. 1. Iconoclasts destroyed icons in the church

80. 2. In 843 an empress by the name of Theodora restored the icons to eastern churches

81. C. One Western Pope ordered the excommunication of a Byzantine Emperor

82. D. In 1054 the Great Schism when the Pope and Patriarch excommunicate each other

83. E. Byzantine Missionaries Convert the Slavs

84. 1. Saint Methodius and Saint Cyril converted the slavs

85. Saint Methodius and Saint Cyril

86. 2. In the 9th century the Cyrillic alphabet was introduced and became the alphabet of the Russian

87. Russian/Cyrillic Alphabet