1. Macquarie Fields College of TAFE Version 2 – 13 March 2000 3 - HARDWARE 3

2. Types of Computers Minicomputers –Powerful –General Purpose –50/100 MIPS Microcomputers –Single silicon chip (CPU) Desktop/Laptop –5/20 MIPS Super computers –250 MIPS –Multiple Processors Mainframes –Large & Fast –Networked 100/200 MIPS Macquarie Fields College of TAFE

3. Issues Surrounding Computers Cost Security/Passwords Customisation Ease of use Performance Macquarie Fields College of TAFE

4. Monitors (VDU) Another term for display screen. The term monitor, however, usually refers to the entire box, whereas display screen can mean just the screen. In addition, the term monitor often implies graphics capabilities. There are many ways to classify monitors. The most basic is in terms of colour capabilities, which separates monitors into three classes. Macquarie Fields College of TAFE

5. Monitors - Colour Monochrome Monochrome monitors actually display two colours, one for the background and one for the foreground. The colours can be black and white, green and black, or amber and black. Gray-scale A gray-scale monitor is a special type of monochrome monitor capable of displaying different shades of gray. Macquarie Fields College of TAFE

6. Monitors - Colour Colour Colour monitors can display anywhere from 16 to over 1 million different colours. Colour monitors are sometimes called RGB monitors because they accept three separate signals -- red, green, and blue. Macquarie Fields College of TAFE

7. Monitors - Size screen sizes are measured in diagonal inches, the distance from one corner to the opposite corner diagonally. A typical size for small VGA monitors is 14-15 inches. Monitors that are 16 or more inches diagonally are often called full-page monitors. Macquarie Fields College of TAFE

8. Monitors - Resolution The resolution of a monitor indicates how densely packed the pixels are. In general, the more pixels (often expressed in dots per inch), the sharper the image. Most modern monitors can display 1024 by 768 pixels, the SVGA standard. Some high-end models can display 1280 by 1024, or even 1600 by 1200. Macquarie Fields College of TAFE

9. Printers A printer is a peripheral device that is attached to a computer and is used to transfer data from the computer to paper producing a hard copy. Macquarie Fields College of TAFE The printer uses a parallel connection that has 25 pins. This is used so that the information can be processed at 8 bits (1 byte) at a time.

10. Types of Printers Impact –Dot Matrix –Daisy Wheel Non-impact –Laser –Ink jet/bubble jet –Plotter Macquarie Fields College of TAFE

11. Which printer should I get? Printers are designed for just about everybody and everything – from black and white to architectural design, colour printouts or high quality designs. Let’s look at the advantages and disadvantages of the types already discussed. Macquarie Fields College of TAFE

12. Advantages/Disadvantages of Different Printers LASER PRINTER Advantages High quality printouts Fast Reasonably priced Quiet Disadvantages Costly to maintain - Expensive to replace cartridges and the number of output is half to inkjet Bulky in size Macquarie Fields College of TAFE

13. Advantages/Disadvantages of Different Printers INK JET/BUBBLE JET Advantages Reasonable quality Cost Effective Quiet Fast Disadvantages Ink will run if wet Cartridges can be expensive to replace Macquarie Fields College of TAFE

14. Advantages/Disadvantages of Different Printers PLOTTER Advantages Can print larger than A3 paper Can print in thin intricate lines used for 3D, map and design drawings Disadvantages Expensive to purchase Slow to print Macquarie Fields College of TAFE

15. Advantages/Disadvantages of Different Printers DOT MATRIX/DAISY WHEEL Advantages - Can print multiple copies as the impact printer strikes carbonised sets Can print continuous paper Disadvantages - Slow - Noisy - Ribbons are becoming more expensive as machines are becoming more extinct Macquarie Fields College of TAFE

16. ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange Represents all letters, numbers and characters on keyboards 01000001=A 01010100=T 8 bits = 1 byte = 1 character Macquarie Fields College of TAFE

17. ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange There are 256 possible combinations of ASCII code. The ASCII character set shown here represents the capital letter ‘A’ as 65, ‘T’ as 84, lower ‘a’ as 97 and ‘½’ as 171. Macquarie Fields College of TAFE

18. ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange Macquarie Fields College of TAFE 1286432168421 0100000165A01000001 0101010084T01010100 0110000197a01100001 10101011171½10101011

19. ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 Macquarie Fields College of TAFE 1 Bit 1 Byte (Binary Digit)

20. Memory Units of Measurement Macquarie Fields College of TAFE 1 BIT = 0’s or 1’s 8 BITS = 1 BYTE (1 character) 1,000 BYTES = 1 KILOBYTE (1 thousand) 1,000 KILOBYTES = 1 MEGABYTE (1 million) 1,000,000 1,000 MEGABYTES = 1 GIGABYTE (1 billion) 1,000 million 1,000,000,000 1,000 GIGABYTES = 1 TERABYTE (1 trillion) 1 million million (10 12 ) ÷

21. Security Refers to techniques for ensuring that data stored in a computer cannot be read or compromised. Most security measures involve data encryption and passwords. Data encryption is the translation of data into a form that is unintelligible without a deciphering mechanism. A password is a secret word or phrase that gives a user access to a particular program or system. Macquarie Fields College of TAFE

22. Passwords A secret series of characters that enables a user to access a file, computer, or program. On multi-user systems, each user must enter his or her password before the computer will respond to commands. The password helps ensure that unauthorized users do not access the computer. In addition, data files and programs may require a password. Macquarie Fields College of TAFE

23. Security/Passwords Encryption Passwords Security Levels Attributes Backups Macquarie Fields College of TAFE