1. A form of government in which the people choose some of the officials

2. Republic

3. A ruler who has complete control over a government.

4. Dictator

5. The basic military unit of the Roman army.

6. Legion

7. In the early Roman republic, members of the landholding upper class were called…

8. patricians

9. One reason why most conquered people remained loyal to Rome was that Rome…

10. Allowed some of them to become citizens

11. During the early republic, why was it important that Roman laws were written on 12 tablets and shown to the public?

12. Plebeians could then appeal a judgment made by a patrician judge.

13. The ancient Romans developed their religious beliefs from…

14. Greek religion

15. Foreign soldiers serving for pay.

16. Mercenaries

17. To try to restore order to the empire, Roman emperor Diocletian …

18. Divided the empire into two parts

19. Large numbers of Germanic peoples crossed into the lands of the Roman empire in the late 300s to escape …

20. Invading Huns

21. What important change did the Roman emperor Constantine make in A. D

22. He granted religious toleration to Christians

23. What contributed to the economic weakening of the late Roman empire?

24. Heavy taxes helped to push the middle classed into poverty.

25. The author of the Aeneid.

26. Virgil

27. The Hellenistic scientist who argued that the Earth was the center of the universe.

28. Ptolemy

29. What is the basic plot of the Aeneid?

30. A hero escapes from the city of Troy to found Rome

31. Roman architecture emphasized …

32. Grandeur

33. What was the popular Roman philosophy that stressed the importance of duty and acceptance of one’s fate?

34. Stoicism

35. The Romans used their engineering skills to build …

36. Aqueducts

37. A system of law that developed under the Roman republic and applied to citizens was called …

38. Civil law

39. A belief contrary to official Church teaching.

40. heresy

41. A scholar who combined Christian doctrine with Greco-Roman learning.

42. Augustine

43. What is a true statement about Jesus of Nazareth?

44. His teachings were rooted in Jewish tradition

45. To join the early Christian community, a person had to …

46. Be baptized, or blessed with holy water

47. Romans excused Jews from worshipping Roman gods …

48. To avoid violating the Jewish belief in on god

49. Who made the greatest contribution toward setting Christianity on the road to becoming a world religion?

50. Paul

51. The highest-ranking official in the early Christian Church was the …

52. patriarch

53. The policy of establishing control over foreign lands and peoples.

54. Imperialism

55. Huge estates bought up by wealthy Roman families.

56. Latifundia

57. In the Punic Wars, Rome gained control of lands around the Mediterranean Sea by defeating …

58. The Carthaginians

59. How did the senate change during the Roman empire as compared to the republic?

60. It held much less power than under the republic

61. Who was the great Carthaginian general who nearly defeated the Romans in the Second Punic War?

62. Hannibal

63. Julius Caesar’s enemies assassinated him because …

64. They feared he planned to make himself king of Rome

65. Roman emperor Augustus ordered a census of the Roman empire …

66. So there would be records of all who should be taxed

67. Under pressure from attacks, the first land surrendered by the Roman empire was in

68. Britain