1. ENV 506 INTEGRATED SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LECTURER: ABD. RAHIM DAL FACULTY OF HEALTH SCIENCES UiTM

2. INTRODUCTION  A key thrust of National Vision Policy is pursuing environmentally sustainable development to reinforce long-term growth.  Waste represent social, political,economic, physical and environmental concerns.  Preventing and managing waste is the heart of sustainable development.  Plan for future

3. STATUS OF SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN MALAYSIA  An ever-expanding population and high rates of economic development in Malaysia resulted in the generation of vast amount of waste.  It is estimated about 25,000 ton/day of waste generated in Peninsular Malaysia.

4.  Average per capita generation of waste 0.85 kg/cap/day.  About 1.5 kg/cap/day in Kuala Lumpur.  About 76% of waste generated are collected.  1-2% is recycled and the remainder is taken to disposal sites. Con’t…

5. Con’t…  About 5% waste collected in KL are reused and recycled.  Over 40% of 175 disposal sites are operating as dumpsite.  Intermediate treatment is limited to small-scale thermal treatment plant in resorted islands.

6. ROLE OF FEDERAL, STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT Three level of Government  Federal Government - Ministry of Housing & Local Government - Economic Planning Unit, Prime Minister Dpt. - Department of Environment - Ministry of Health  State Government  Local Authorities

7. ROLE OF FEDERAL GOVERNMENT  Local Government Department,  MHLG handles all matters related to Solid Waste Management funding and policy development  this is done in coordination with the Economic Planning Unit and others government agencies.

8. Con’t…  Interagency Cooperation  MHLG has established a Technical Committee on SWM  comprising of relevant government agencies, Local University Researchers and Research Institution.

9. RESEARCH ON SWM BY MHLG AND OTHER AGENCIES  Study on Strategic Plan for SWM.  Study on Safety Closure & Rehabilitation of Landfill Sites in Malaysia.  Study on Solid Waste Composition & Characteristic.  Study on Composting.

10. ROLE OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT  Local Authorities are the implementing agencies and have direct responsibility over solid waste collection, treatment and disposal.

11. LEGISLATION RELATED TO SWM  Local Government Act 1976  Street, Drainage and Building Act 1974  Environment Quality Act 1974  Refuse Collection, Removal and Disposals By-Laws.

12. Principles to guide development of Strategic Plan:  Direct participation of Federal Government.  Privatization of SWM services  Sustainable waste management  Inter cooperation amongst government and stakeholders.  Public awareness program  Development of technical and managerial capability THE WAY FORWARD – Strategic Plan

13. Waste Hierarchy (Current Status)  Reduce  Reuse  Recycling  Intermediate Processing  Disposal THE WAY FORWARD 5 % recovery 95% Landfill

14. Waste Hierarchy (Targeted 2020)  Reduce  Reuse  Recycling  Intermediate Processing  Disposal THE WAY FORWARD > 20 % Recycling < 65 % Landfill 15 % Intermediate Processing

15. THE WAY FORWARD Waste Minimization Reduce / Reuse Recycling Incineration (With Energy Recovery) Incineration (Without Energy Recovery) Land Disposal Waste Hierarchy (FUTURE)  Reduce  Reuse  Recycling  Intermediate  Processing  Disposal

16. The aim of a sustainable solid waste management is to reduce trash for final disposal and then disposing it in an environmentally safest manner. CURRENT PRACTISEPREFERRED PRACTISE SUSTAINABLE SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT

17. THE WAY FORWARD  Legislation & Institutional  Review existing legislation  Enable federalization and privatization  Enhance waste minimization  Identifying all stakeholders  Institutional strengthening

18. Con’t…  Privatization  To improve SWM services  To relinquish financial burden  Wider involvement by the private sector  Final stage of agreement (transition period)

19. Benefit of private Sector Participation  UK & US Studies  Costs have been at least 25% lower due to rationalized operation and greater management flexibility.  Canadian Studies  Costs have been at least 25% lower in most provinces  60% lower in Atlantic Province  High costs in Quebec Province were due to older and large equipment, large crew sizes and lower productivity.

20.  Latin American Studies  Costs have been at least 50% lower due to higher labor and vehicle productivity  Malaysian Study  Costs have been at least 20% lower due to grater efficiency

21.  Technical Aspect  Integrated solid waste management facilities  New Facilities with appropriate technology - Transfer Station - Thermal Treatment Plant - Composting Plant - Sanitary Landfill Con’t…

22. INTEGRATED SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT (ZERO EMISSION) Solid waste management facilities Persekitaran Kita Kitarsemula Sisa & Tenaga Bahan Binaan Kitarsemula Slag Bahan Tidak Terbakar atau Buang Ke Tapak Pelupusan Pengurusan sisa pepejal yang baik memerlukan pendekatan yang bersepadu.

23. Con’t…  Public Participation  Lack of public awareness in solid waste management.  Require full attention  A key to success in waste minimization and solid waste management.

24. THANK YOU