1. Phases of Matter

2. Explain the effect of heat on the motion atoms
Objectives
Explain the effect of heat on the motion atoms
Describe what happens to particles (atoms) during a phase change

3. How does heat affect the motion of atoms?
Essential Questions
How does heat affect the motion of atoms?
How do atoms react during a change of phase?

4. Frontloading quiz Shape and volume of matter in the
____________ state do not change.
The particles of a __________ are very
far apart and move independently of
one another.
A liquid’s resistance to flow is called
______________.

5. Listen to the states of matter song…
Warm-up
Listen to the states of matter song…
What does the song tell you about the properties of a Gas, a liquid, and a solid? song

6. Exit Slip
Describe how atoms behave as far as movement, structure, and energy in each phase of matter.

7. What are phases of matter? Physical forms in which substances exist
Solid, Liquid, and Gas
All matter is made of particles - atoms and molecules
What are
phases
of matter?
states video clip

9. What are solids? Anything that has a definite shape and volume
Particles are very close together
Particles have a very strong attraction to each other
Particles vibrate in place
Particles have low energy
What are solids?

11. substance that has a definite volume but not a definite shape
Particles are not very close together-slide past each other
Particles have a semi – attraction to each other
Particles move around more than solids
Particles have medium energy
What is a
liquid?

12. Liquid characteristics
Surface Tension - a force that causes particles on the surface to bond tighter - causes droplets
Viscosity - resistance or non - resistance to flow
High viscosity - flows slowly
Low viscosity - flows freely
Liquid
characteristics

13. Surface Tension

14. High Viscosity

15. Liquid Trivia
Water is the only substance that can be found as a solid, liquid, and a gas at normal surface temperatures and pressures on Earth.

16. What are gases? Gases have no definite shape and no definite volume
Gases can be compressed or spread way apart
Particles move very fast
Particles have a lot of energy
What are
gases?

17. Gases released from a volcano

19. Plasma has been called the "fourth state" of matter, after solids, liquids and gases. Most of the matter in the universe is in the form of plasma. A plasma is formed if some of the negatively charged electrons are separated from their host atoms in a gas, leaving the atoms with a positive charge. The negatively charged electrons, and the positively charged atoms (known as positive ions) are then free to move separately under the influence of an applied voltage or magnetic field.

20. Stars are plasma

21. Phase
Changes

22. Warm-up
Why do you smell the air freshener all over the room when Mrs. Murphy only sprayed it in the front

23. Describe what must happen in order for a change in state to occur.
Warm-up
Describe what must happen in order for a change in state to occur.
states of matter & liquid nitrogen

24. What are phase changes? a physical change from one physical
form to another
From solid to liquid
to gas & vice versa
Requires adding or
Removing energy
What are
phase
changes?

26. What are phase changes? Melting- Change of state from solid to liquid
Melting point is the temperature that a substance either changes to a liquid or a solid.
What are
phase
changes?
4 states of matter song

27. What are phase changes? Freezing- Change of state from liquid to solid
Melting and freezing temp for water is 0 degrees Celsius
What are
phase
changes?

28. What are phase changes? Evaporation- is a change of a Substance on its
surface from a
liquid to a gas
What are
phase
changes?

29. What are phase changes? Boiling- change of a liquid to a vapor.
boiling point is the temp. at which liquid turns to gas
What are
phase
changes?

30. What are phase changes? Condensation- change of a gas to a liquid
Condensation and evaporation/boiling point are the same temp. for a substance
When a gas like water condenses it takes up less space because the atoms slow down.
What are
phase
changes?

31. Can Crusher Demonstration
Hypothesize how I will crush the can.
From what you know about how atoms are effected by temperature why do you think the can was crushed?

32. When the can is put in the cold water upside down, the hot gas water molecules are very rapidly cooled. Some of the gas molecules are condensed back to the liquid water, so there are less gas molecules present. Cold water also cools the remaining gas molecules, which makes the molecules slow down, then there are fewer collisions with the walls of the can, which in turn causes less pressure inside of the can. The air pressure on the outside of the can is stronger. This causes the can to crush.

33. Sublimation- change of a solid directly to a gas
Deposition – change of state from a gas directly to a solid
What are
phase
changes?

34. Condensation

35. Sublimation

37. Warm-up
As temperature/energy/heat increases what happens to atom/molecular movement and attraction?

38. Behavior of Gases

39. Geologists sampling gases at the dome of a volcano- (90% of the gas is water vapor).

40. What are three things that affect the behavior of a gas?
1. Temperature
- is a measure of how fast particles are moving the faster they move the more energy (higher temp.) they have and the farther they go, slower=less energy, lower temp
What are
three things
that affect
the behavior
of a gas?

42. What are three things that affect the behavior of a gas? 2. Volume
it is the amount of space that an object takes up.
With a gas, volume depends on the container it is in.
Can be compressed

43. 3. Pressure- amount of force exerted on a given area of space.
What are
three things
that affect
the behavior
of a gas?

44. Charles law- the volume of a gas is directly proportional to the temperature of a gas when the pressure is constant.
-as the temperature of a fixed amount of gas increases the volume increases.
What are
the Gas
Laws?

45. Boyles law- the volume of a gas is inversely proportional to the pressure of the gas when the temperature is constant.
-when the volume for a fixed amount of gas increases the pressure decreases
What are
the Gas
Laws?

47. Charles law

48. Boyles law

49. Charles law