1. فؤاد أسامه النجار 220090021 فؤاد الحداد حسن مطر

2. A computer network allows computers to communicate with many other computers and to share resources and information. The Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) funded the design of the "Advanced Research Projects Agency Network" (ARPANET) for the United States Department of Defense. It was the first operational computer network in the world.

3. Set of technologies that connects computers. Allows communication and collaboration between users.

4. Simultaneous access to data Shared peripheral device Easier data backup

5.  Personal communication  Email Instantaneous communication  Conferencing Tele conferencing Videoconferencing Audio-conferencing Data-conferencing  Voice over IP Phone communication over network wires

6.  Local Area Network (LAN)… Contains printers, servers and computers Systems are close to each other Contained in one office or building Organizations often have several LANS

7.  Wide Area Networks (WAN)  Two or more LANs connected  Over a large geographic area  Typically use public or leased lines  Phone lines  Satellite  The Internet is a WAN

8.  Campus Area Networks (CAN)……  A LAN in one large geographic area  Resources related to the same organization  Each department shares the LAN

9.  Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)  Large network that connects different organizations  Shares regional resources  A network provider sells time

10.  Home Area Network (HAN)  Small scale network  Connects computers and entertainment appliances  Found mainly in the home

11.  Personal Area Network (PAN)  Very small scale network  Range is less than 2 meters  Cell phones, PDAs, MP3 players

12. SAN - Storage Area Network, System Area Network, Server Area Network, or sometimes Small Area Network. Storage Area Network - connects servers to data storage devices through a technology like Fibre Channel.Fibre Channel System Area Network - links high- performance computers with high-speed connections in a cluster configuration. Also known as Cluster Area Network.

13.  Bus topology o Also called linear bus o One wire connects all nodes o Terminator ends the wires o Advantages  Easy to setup  Small amount of wire o Disadvantages  Slow  Easy to crash

14.  Star topology  All nodes connect to a hub  Packets sent to hub  Hub sends packet to destination  Advantages  Easy to setup  One cable can not crash network  Disadvantages  One hub crashing downs entire network  Uses lots of cable  Most common topology

15.  Ring topology  Nodes connected in a circle  Tokens used to transmit data  Nodes must wait for token to send  Advantages  Time to send data is known  No data collisions  Disadvantages  Slow  Lots of cable

16.  Mesh topology  All computers connected together  Internet is a mesh network  Advantage  Data will always be delivered  Disadvantages  Lots of cable  Hard to setup

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