1. Launch List 1. Describe the Missouri Compromise.
2. What was the Gag Rule?
3. Why did Preston Brooks put Charles Sumner in a coma?

2. Picture/Polk James K. Polk, Democrat President from 1845 to 1849
James K Polk: the MANIFEST DESTINY PREZ
James K. Polk, Democrat
President from 1845 to 1849
Responsible for the Manifest Destiny
Expansionist
Acquired the Oregon Territory from Great Britain in 1846
Mexican Cession and completed U.S. control of the continent from ocean to ocean
Picture/Polk

3. Texas War of Independence1
Mexican-American War
Causes
1. Manifest Destiny
2. Texas Question
Texas War of Independence1

4. Texas War of Independence1
Mexican-American War
Texas entered as a U.S. state in 1845.
Mexico vowed if Texas became part of the U.S., this would be an act of war.
One cause of the war with Mexico in 1846.
Texas War of Independence1

5. MEXICAN WAR
Mexican War

8. Abolitionists on The Mexican War
Believed this war was a conspiracy to spread slavery across the continent!

9. Map expansion

10. Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

11. Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
Ends the Mexican American War
Mexico gives the USA the Mexican Cession
Rio Grande River boundary between U.S. and Mexico
U.S. paid Mexico $15 million

12. Effects of the Mexican-American War
1. More land!
2. Increases debate over slavery.

13. Anti-Slavery Movement Territorial Expansion
A Clash of Interests

14. A Clash of Interests- Major Question
Should the New Territories be free or slave??

15. Compromise of 1850- The Resolution
Along with Henry Clay, Daniel Webster and John C. Calhoun they proposed the Compromise of 1850
Calif. A free state
Texas a Slave State
Enforce Fugitive Slave Laws
Popular Sovereignty in new territories
Stop slave trade in Washington, D.C.

16. Popular Sovereignty Allow the people in a territory to vote on whether they want slavery to exist or not in their state.
Map Comp of 1850

17. ABOLITIONISTS RESPOND
Abolitionists refuse to enforce the Fugitive Slave
Harriet Beecher Stowe’s, Uncle Tom’s Cabin is published
Underground Railroad becomes more active

18. Southerners threaten secession and war
SOUTHERNERS RESPOND
Southerners threaten secession and war
Fug SL Law is in Constitution protects property and Federal law is over State law.
5th Amendment
Supremacy Clause

19. Gadsden Purchase1854.

20. Gadsden Purchase1854.

21. Gadsden Purchase1854.

22. Gadsden Purchase
Was intended to allow for the construction of a southern route for a transcontinental railroad.
Cost $10 million for the Gadsden land,

23. Kansas-Nebraska Act, 1854

24. KANSAS AND NEBRASKA ACT
Issue: 2 new Territories, should they be free or Slave?
Compromise: Stephen Douglas senator from Illinois
Kan. & Neb Act

25. KANSAS AND NEBRASKA ACT
Stephen Douglas
Kansas and Nebraska territories be opened up to popular sovereignty in return for building the railroad in the North.
Kan. & Neb Act

27. Map Bleeding Kan
BLEEDING KANSAS
Kansas/Nebraska Act led to several acts of violence between pro-slavery settlers and anti-slavery settlers.
First violent outbreaks between north/south.
First battles of the Civil War begin in Kansas in 1856.
Over 200 killed
(Led by John Brown)
Attacks by free-states
Attacks by pro-slavery states

28. BLEEDING KANSAS CAUSES
Kansas and Nebraska were open to popular sovereignty.
It became a race to see who could get more people there, Pro Slave or anti-slave people?

31. BLEEDING KANSASb EFFECTS First violent outbreaks between north/south.
Map Bleeding Kan
BLEEDING KANSASb
EFFECTS
First violent outbreaks between north/south.
“First battles of the Civil War “begin in Kansas in 1856.
Over 200 killed
(Led by John Brown)
Attacks by free-states
Attacks by pro-slavery states

32. Dred Scott Case
Slave from Missouri traveled with his owner to Illinois & Minnesota both free states.
His master died and Scott wanted to move back to Missouri---Missouri still recognized him as a slave.
He sued his master’s widow for his freedom since he had lived in a free state for a period of time.
Court case went to the Supreme Court for a decision-----National issue
Can a slave sue for his freedom?
Is a slave property?
Is slavery legal?

33. Supreme Court hands down the Dred Scott decision
Slaves cannot sue the U.S. for their freedom because they are property.
They are not citizens and have no legal right under the Constitution.
Supreme Court legalized slavery by saying that
Congress could not stop a slaveowner from moving his slaves to a new territory
Missouri Compromise and all other compromises were unconstitutional
North refused to enforce Fugitive Slave Law
Free states pass personal liberty laws.
Republicans claim the decision is not binding
Southerners call on the North to accept the decision if the South is to remain in the Union.
Chart/Effect of Scott

34. Reading/Scott decision
DRED SCOTT DECISION
Chief Justice Roger B.Taney (1777 to 1864) in the case of Dred Scott referred to the status of slaves when the Constitution was adopted.
“They had (slaves) for more than a century before been regarded as beings of an inferior order; and altogether unfit to associate with the white race, either in social or political relations; and so far inferior that they had no rights which the white man was bound to respect. This opinion was at that time fixed and universal in the civilized portion of the white race.”
Reading/Scott decision

35. Involved in the Bleeding Kansas Murdered 5 pro-slavery men in Kansas
JOHN BROWN
Violent abolitionist
Involved in the Bleeding Kansas
Murdered 5 pro-slavery men in Kansas
Wanted to lead a slave revolt throughout the South by raising an army of freed slaves and destroying the South.
Picture/J.Brown

36. JOHN BROWN
Attacked a U.S. Ammunition depot in Harper’s Ferry, Virginia in Oct. of 1859 to capture weapons and begin his slave revolt.
Picture/J.Brown

37. Put on trial for treason.
JOHN BROWN
Unsuccessful and captured by USMC under the leadership of Robert E. Lee
Put on trial for treason.
Picture/J.Brown

38. Picture/J.Brown Hanging
JOHN BROWN
He was found guilty of treason and sentenced to death.
His last words were to this effect: “I believe that the issue of slavery will never be solved unless through the shedding of blood.”
Northerners thought of John Brown as a martyr to the abolitionist cause.
Southerners were terrified that if John Brown almost got away with this, there must be others like him in the North who are willing to die to end slavery.
South’s outcome: To leave the U.S. and start their own country.
Picture/J.Brown Hanging

39. John Brown: Martyr or Madman?