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CE 410 CE 410 Soil Mechanics u LESSON OBJECTIVES Explain in engineering terms the difference between rock and soil. Explain what is soil composed of. Explain the different types of rocks.
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CE 410 SOILS u Composed of particles: Solid matter Air Water u Particles result due to weathering, decomposition and disintegration of rock and decay of vegetation. u Rock becomes soil, soil becomes consolidated under pressure and heat to form rock.
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CE 410 ROCK VERSUS SOIL u No absolute distinction between rock and soil u Engineering view point: If soil can be removed without blasting, it is soil. Otherwise, it is rock.
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CE 410 TYPES OF ROCKS u Igneous u Sedimentary u Metamorphic
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CE 410 IGNEOUS ROCKS u Formed when molten matter from volcanoes cools. u Examples: Granite (see pic) Syenites Diorites Basalt Rhyolites
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CE 410 SEDIMENTARY ROCKS u Majority of earth’s surface u Formed when rock particles and certain organisms are transported by wind, water, and ice and deposited into layers. u Examples: Shale (see pic) Sandstone Limestone Dolomite
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CE 410 METAMORPHIC ROCKS u Less common u Formed when sedimentary or igneous rocks change texture as well as mineral and chemical composition due to heat, pressure, and shear. u Examples: Granite becomes gneiss (pic) Shale becomes slate
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