1. GLY 3131 Geochemistry Instructor: Chuanhui Gu Email: guc@appstate.edu Office: RSW 039; Office hrs: Tue and Thu 11 – 5:30PM, or stop by. Phone: x7859

2. Announcement No lab this week No class this Thursday (Aug 21) Please work on the homework assignment posted at AsUlearn.

3. Outline Introduce myself Introduce your neighbor (2-3 students a group) Course syllabus What is geochemistry

4. o Research: NC, CA, TN, VA, China o Hydrogeochemistry o Trace Gas Emission o Biogeochemical Cycles

5. Course syllabus-objectives Solve real world complex environmental problems concerning water, air, and soil quality by applying understanding of geochemical processes and cycles. Grand Prismatic Spring

6. Textbook: Schlesinger W.H. (1997) Biogeochemistry: An Analysis of Global Change. 2 nd Edition. Elsevier Academic Press, San Diego, CA. ISBN: 0-12-625155-X Course syllabus-Textbooks

7. Other Suggested books Donald Langmuir. (1997) Aqueous Environmental Geochemistry. Prentice Hall. James I.Drever (1988) The Geochemistry of Natural Waters, 2 rd ed. Prentice- Hall Inc.

8. Course syllabus-Term paper Topic of your interest and relevant to this course Types: Literature review (>3000 words) or research based on data you or someone else collect (>2000 words)

9. Potential topics – Urban stream salinity or thermal pollution – Permafrost methane time bomb – Riparian Nitrogen Buffer – Nitrous oxide emission in urban or agricultural landscapes – Nutrient Spiraling in rivers – Heavy metal contamination from solid waste disposal – Sediment S cycles – Acid mine drainage geochemistry from copper mine – Your idea here (topic should not be too broad!)

10. 1 st Midterm exam (week of Oct 7) 2 nd Midterm exam (week of Nov. 11) Final exam (Dec 08) (not cumulative) Course syllabus-Exam

11. Course syllabus-journal article discussion Beginning in the 8 th week of the course, I will assign a journal article in each class for you to read and discuss during the first 10 minutes of class. A group of two students will be leading the discussion.

12. Course syllabus-Grading Component% of Grade In-class quizzes and5% Final project (paper and presentation) 20% Lab and Homework20% Paper discussion10% Mid Exams (2×15%)30% Final Exam15%

13. Lab Field trips Lab chemical analysis Computer modeling

14. Class schedule (tentative) WeekLab DateLecture topicsLaboratory Exercises 108/19/14the Intro to Geochemistry and earth systemsNo Lab 208/26/14Box model and Chemical Fundamentals Urban stream salinization and box model 309/02/14Ion strength and Carbonate systemGeochemical Model MINTEQ 409/09/14Redox and BiogeochemistryOre Knob Mine field trip 509/16/14 Weathering and Ion exchange (Tue class is canceled) No lab (I will serve as the NSF panelist at D.C) 609/23/14Lake GeochemistryPrice lake field trip 709/30/14Groundwater GeochemistryGreenway field trip 810/07/14 Marine Geochemistry *Journal Article Discussion Begins 1 st Mid-term Exam 910/14/14Global elemental cycles (Fall break)No lab-Fall break 1010/21/14Solubility product and saturation indexSolubility 1110/28/14Chemical kinetics 1211/04/14AdsorptionAdsorption isotherm 1311/11/14Redox potential2nd Midterm Exam 1411/18/14Chemical transportTransport modeling 1511/25/14Thanksgiving breakNo lab 1612/02/14Heavy metalsProject presentation 1712/08/14 (Mon) FINAL EXAM, 12-2:30 PM

15. Lab enrollment adjustment Tue (11) Thu (4) Need volunteers to switch from Tue to Thu

16. What is Geochemistry? Geochemistry is the study of the sources and fates of chemical species in natural environments. Geochemistry is a set of tools for helping to understand the Earth; these tools are based upon chemical, instead of the physical observations of the geologist. It help us to explain how a natural environment functions.

17. What does a geochemist do? Understanding the chemical composition of rocks tells oil companies where to drill for oil; enables scientists to put together broad-based theories about the way the Earth is changing; helps environmental management companies decide how to dispose of a toxic or hazardous substance; steers mining companies toward use of natural resources with a minimum environmental impact.

18. Why Geochemistry? –highly employable Geochemist Belcan - Boulder, CO Qualifications Our customer has an immediate direct hire opening for a Sr Geochemist with the following qualifications: A Masters or Ph.D. specializing in aqueous geochemistry or a related field, ideally with a focus on mining-related activities. Strong, all-round academic knowledge of geochemistry, surface water and groundwater interactions, with a background in hydrogeology. An ability to plan and execute field programs with knowledge of proper sampling techniques. Experience with industry-standard geochemical software (PHREEQC, Geochemist Workbench, AquaChem, etc). Strong abilities with respect to data manipulation (e.g., Excel, Access). Excellent verbal and written communications skills. Must have significant business development experience with securing new clients for related professional services in our industry

19. Focus of this course: Low T environmental geochemistry In other word, this course focuses on earth surficial processes. Geochemistry is involved in almost all environmental issues that face our society.

20. Many more…. Stratosphere Ozone Depletion Acid Deposition Acid mine drainage Photochemical Smog Coal ash spill

21. Duke Energy Coal Ash Spill at Dan River steam plant

22. What is eutrophication? Does it happen naturally? What chemicals are mainly responsible to eutrophication in freshwater and sea water, respectively? What are sources of this chemical?

24. Components of the earth system: pool/reservoir

25. Transport processes between components: flux Transport processes between components: flux

26. Case study: The carbon cycle

27. Human perturbations of the carbon cycle

28. Global warming is caused by human disturbance of naturally balanced C cycle!

29. Years Temperature CO 2 concentration A recent warming trend correlates with the increase in CO 2. Global temperature anomaly (°C) CO 2 concentration (ppm)

30. Years Temperature CO 2 concentration The twentieth century is clearly anomalous when compared with the last millennium. Northern Hemisphere temperature anomaly (°C) CO 2 concentration (ppm)

31. That’s it! Next Class (Tue Aug 26) Earth system and Box model