1. Where did Industry Originate?
11.1

2. Questions Where Industry is located? How did it diffuse?
Why is it located there?
What makes a place suitable for industry?
Connections to the world…
Where are the markets?
Where are the resources?
Must consider local diversity

3. Industrial Hearths in Britain
The Industrial Revolution originated in areas of northern England in the mid 1700s. Factories often clustered near coalfields.

4. -”putters-out” picked up and collected
Cottage Industries
-Prior to 1750, industries were normally spread out since most manufacturing was home-based.
-Textiles mainly…
-”putters-out” picked up and collected
-piece rate

5. Review
Which of the following best captures a structuralist interpretation (dependency theory) of the development gap?
A. Less-developed countries fall behind more-developed countries in levels of wealth and development because people in LDCs do not work efficiently.
B. LDCs are in stages 2 and 3 of Rostow’s model
C. MDCs have reached high development levels because of coal deposits beneath their soils
D. LDCs remain poor because they are continually exploited by MDCs seeking resources and labor.
E. LDCs will develop in the same pattern as MDCs have, but it will take time and self-improvement.

6. Review
A factory process transforming raw corn into processed baby food falls into which economic category?
A) Primary
B) Secondary
C) Tertiary
D) Quaternary
E) Quinary

7. Review
As a country industrializes, a decrease in jobs usually occurs in which sector?
A) primary
B) secondary
C) tertiary
D) quaternary
E) quinary

8. Review
The United Nations Human Development Index (HDI) is based on the assumption that a country’s development
A) is directly related to its position in the core or periphery
B) is a function of social, demographic, and economic factors
C) can improve if countries liberalize trade policies
D) is indicated most accurately by its gross domestic product
E) is a reflection of its population count

9. Steam Power
James Watt invented a steam engine that was used to increase production…especially in the textile and iron industries.

10. Remember the limitations
What was the labor force like?
When could they work?
Where did they live?

11. Steam Power When H20 is boiled it expands 1600x
Forces a piston to move
Back and forth piston movement can drive machinery
Long history of steam power but it was inefficient

12. Coal
Coal was the main source of power for steam engines and blast ovens. What was the main energy source prior to coal? Why was it scarce?

13. Stephenson’s “Rocket”
Transportation
Canals and then railroads were used to transport raw materials and manufactured goods more quickly and cheaply
Bridgewater Canal
Stephenson’s “Rocket”

14. Textiles
Arkwright’s spinning frame helped to establish Britain's position in the nineteenth century as the world leader in textile production

15. Diffusion across Europe
Railroads were built first in Britain and later diffused to other areas of Europe.

16. Timeline-Think…Why are these so important?
1100-onwards- Colonies
1673- Test Act- Forbid non church workers from working in the government
1701-Seed drill
1759-Canal Act-enabled canal building…1760 1st canal
1761-1st Factory
1764- Spinning Jenny- only 1 person on a loom
1769- Steam power
1793-Cotton gin
1802-Health and Moral act and Electric Battery
1807-Steamboat
1814-1st time more secondary jobs in Britain
1815- Safety Lamp
1820-Proper roads
1824-Portland Cement
1829- Trains
1856- Bessemer Process and Synthetic dyes

17. Food Processing
1810-canning invented
1839-tin can

18. Diffusion to the United States
The growth of manufacturing in the U.S. was originally slow because:
labor and capital was scarce
shipping to European markets was expensive

19. The US textile industry
The 1st US textile mill was built in Pawtucket, RI in 1791 by Samuel Slater