3.  A t the end of this lesson, learners will be able to :  Use the modals effectively.  Apply the acquired learning in their day to day life.  Make their English interesting and vivacious.

4. INDEX  MODALS : Definition & Types  Features of Modals  How to Use Modals  Test Your Knowledge

5. M odals are the auxiliaries. These auxiliaries are : Shall Shall Will Will Would Would Should Should May May Might Might Can Can Could Could Ought to Ought to Used to Used to Need Need Dare Dare Must Must

6. M odals mean modes Action is denoted by the main verb Look at this sentence Here, the mode is ability of the speaker & action is being denoted by the main verb ‘speak’. Hence, Can is a modal because it is showing the ability [mode] of ‘speak’ [main verb].

8.  They do not come alone and always take 1 st form of the verb with them.  Modals are never affected by the person, number and gender of the subject.

9. Use of ‘Shall’ & ‘ Will’ I Persons [I, my, we, our, us, me, mine etc.] II & III Persons [You, your, he, she, they, his, her, their etc.] Shall Simple FutureThreat / Firm Determination / Command etc. Will Threat /Promise Determination / Command etc. Simple Future

10. I will buy a car. [Firm Determination] You shall be punished if you don’t change your habits. [Threat] I will surely help you. [Promise ]

11. S hould is used to express :

14. May is used to express :

15. May I use your book, Sir ?

19. By changing the number, gender or person, we’ll see in the structure of the verb.

20. They can do yoga. She can do yoga. You can do yoga.

21.  Strength  Ability  Informal Permission  Ram can lift this heavy rock. [Strength]  I can operate computer now. [Ability]  Can I use your pen ? [ Informal Permission]

22. Must is used to express :

27. 1.It ……. rain today. {Possibility} 2.I ……….. swim in the river. {Ability} 3.He ………. take medicines regularly as he is chronically ill. {Necessity} 4.You …….. follow my orders. You …… be regular in your studies. {Advice} 5.…....... God bless you ! {Wish} 6.Rest assured I …… come to your home. {Promise} {Necessity}