1. Arc Hydro in Florida: Core Principles and Collaboration Overview of Arc Hydro Concepts Dean Djokic, ESRI November 4, 2005

2. 2 Agenda Overview of data model purposeOverview of data model purpose Template model overviewTemplate model overview Selected design topics and toolsSelected design topics and tools Arc Hydro II special topicsArc Hydro II special topics DiscussionDiscussion

3. 3 Adding shapefiles and coverages into an ArcMap session does not make a geodatabaseAdding shapefiles and coverages into an ArcMap session does not make a geodatabase Loading shapefiles and coverages into a geodatabase does not make a (efficient) geodatabase.Loading shapefiles and coverages into a geodatabase does not make a (efficient) geodatabase. Ignoring geodatabase capabilities increases cost of development and ownershipIgnoring geodatabase capabilities increases cost of development and ownership When developing data, ignore spatial reference issues at your own perilWhen developing data, ignore spatial reference issues at your own peril SDE and versioning (including disconnected editing) do not replace the need for careful workflow developmentSDE and versioning (including disconnected editing) do not replace the need for careful workflow development Review of geodatabase issues

4. 4 How “Things” Build Up Database developmentDatabase development Data preparationData preparation Terrain preparationTerrain preparation “Watershed” delineation“Watershed” delineation “Watershed” characterization“Watershed” characterization ParameterizationParameterization Model pre and post-processingModel pre and post-processing Generic Semi-Generic Model Specific

5. 5 Arc Hydro Template Data Model

6. 6 Parcel…Arc Hydro Template Data Models HEC…FEMA Project Data Models FeatureTopologyObject ArcGIS Core Data Model OGC FGDC ISO GIS/IT Standards Industry Templates Provide an Important Link Between Project Teams, Standards, and ESRI Software Development Template Data Models

7. 7 Arc Hydro Extension of geodatabase model for support of water resources applications (template data model)Extension of geodatabase model for support of water resources applications (template data model) Culmination of a three year process led by D.R. Maidment through GIS in Water Resources Consortium (Arc Hydro book)Culmination of a three year process led by D.R. Maidment through GIS in Water Resources Consortium (Arc Hydro book) Collection of tools for support of Arc Hydro geodatabase design and basic water resources functionsCollection of tools for support of Arc Hydro geodatabase design and basic water resources functions Starting point for water resources database and application developmentStarting point for water resources database and application development

8. 8 Basic idea: Transition from … Streams Drainage Areas Hydrography Channels Terrain Surfaces Rainfall Response Digital Orthophotos Data Model Based on Inventory

9. 9 … and … Follow a drop of water from where it falls on the land, to the stream, and all the way to the ocean. Data Model Based on Behavior

10. 10 … to Arc Hydro Data Model Relationships between objects linked by tracing path of water movement Integrate Data Inventory using a Behavioral Model

11. 11 Basic Concepts Define core feature classes for water resources analysesDefine core feature classes for water resources analyses Establish relationships between core feature classesEstablish relationships between core feature classes Use geometric network for tying pieces togetherUse geometric network for tying pieces together Mobilization of standard ArcGIS functionalityMobilization of standard ArcGIS functionality Custom tools for some of the attribute managementCustom tools for some of the attribute management Custom tools for advanced “water resources” functionalityCustom tools for advanced “water resources” functionality

12. 12 Data Model Purpose Target audience: Water resources (surface) community interested in quick start in ArcGIS implementationTarget audience: Water resources (surface) community interested in quick start in ArcGIS implementation Starting point for project model designStarting point for project model design Not a “do all” designNot a “do all” design Not implementation/application specific, but provides the key components to develop on top ofNot implementation/application specific, but provides the key components to develop on top of

13. 13 Arc Hydro Template Data Model Approaches Floodplain WQ Permitting Water Resources

14. 14 Thematic Content

15. 15 Arc Hydro Database Definition A geospatial and temporal data model for water resources that operates within ArcGISA geospatial and temporal data model for water resources that operates within ArcGIS Five key conceptual areasFive key conceptual areas –Drainage - Drainage areas and stream lines defined from surface topography –Flow network - Connected sets of points and lines showing pathways of water flow –Hydrography - The base data from topographic maps and tabular data inventories –Channel description - A 3-D line representation of the shape of river and stream channels –Time series - Tabular attribute data describing time-varying water properties for any hydro feature

16. 16 Arc Hydro Data Model

17. 17 Arc Hydro Data Model Details Detailed representation at the end of corresponding chapters in the book (e.g. p 51)Detailed representation at the end of corresponding chapters in the book (e.g. p 51)

18. 18

19. 19 Arc Hydro Key Fields Few predefined fields/attributesFew predefined fields/attributes –Identification/relates HydroID, NextDownID, DrainID, JunctionID, FeatureID, …HydroID, NextDownID, DrainID, JunctionID, FeatureID, … HydroCode, ReachCode, CSCode, …HydroCode, ReachCode, CSCode, … –Measures LengthKm, AreaSqKmLengthKm, AreaSqKm LengthDown, DrainAreaLengthDown, DrainArea –Auxiliary FType, Name, Flowdir, …FType, Name, Flowdir, …

20. 20 HydroID Story HydroID – a unique integer identifier for every feature within a geodatabaseHydroID – a unique integer identifier for every feature within a geodatabase An internal identifier whose value is used for establishing the relationships within the Arc Hydro data model (HydroID, DrainID, NextDownID, JunctionID, …)An internal identifier whose value is used for establishing the relationships within the Arc Hydro data model (HydroID, DrainID, NextDownID, JunctionID, …) Focus on local (within a geodatabase) uniqueness, but can be made globalFocus on local (within a geodatabase) uniqueness, but can be made global

21. 21 HydroCode Story

22. 22 Relationships Establish a formal (geodatabase) relationship between two feature (object) classes using predefined ID properties.Establish a formal (geodatabase) relationship between two feature (object) classes using predefined ID properties. –HydroID-based (e.g. NextDownID, JunctionID, DrainID) “HydroJunctionHasWaterbody”“HydroJunctionHasWaterbody” “HydroJunctionHasWatershed”“HydroJunctionHasWatershed” “HydroJunctionHasMonitoringPoint”“HydroJunctionHasMonitoringPoint” “MonitoringPointHasTimeSeries”“MonitoringPointHasTimeSeries”

23. 23 Relationships (an example – “HydroJunctionHasWaterbody” - definition)

24. 24 Connecting to Time Series HydroID CrossSectionHydroPoint DrainagePoint Junction TimeSeries Time Flow FeatureID FeatureID of time series is HydroID of the feature the time series describes

25. 25 Time Series Data Structure

26. 26 Time Series Dilemma Simplicity in structureSimplicity in structure –Easy to import and export time series data from other sources –Easy to use standard ArcGIS tabular functionality and SQL statements –Needs “transposition” for efficient use for rendering data spatial data –Large table with potentially millions of records –Inefficient storage of specific types of temporal data (many to many case) –… Need more flexibility (but at a cost of complexity)Need more flexibility (but at a cost of complexity)

27. 27 Hydro Network Backbone of Arc Hydro - establishes connectivity between core feature classesBackbone of Arc Hydro - establishes connectivity between core feature classes Hydro edges (lines through which water flows) and junctions (confluences, other points of interest)Hydro edges (lines through which water flows) and junctions (confluences, other points of interest) Other feature classes connected to junctions through relationships (e.g. HydroJunctionHasWatershed)Other feature classes connected to junctions through relationships (e.g. HydroJunctionHasWatershed) Allows upstream/downstream tracing (and other out of box ArcGIS network functionality)Allows upstream/downstream tracing (and other out of box ArcGIS network functionality)

28. 28 Hydro Network

29. 29 Extending Arc Hydro Data Model Arc Hydro is by design a starting point for complex database designArc Hydro is by design a starting point for complex database design Arc Hydro data model can be extended with additional feature classes and/or attributes (or some Arc Hydro feature classes can be ignored)Arc Hydro data model can be extended with additional feature classes and/or attributes (or some Arc Hydro feature classes can be ignored) Use additional GIS data sources (GRID & TIN)Use additional GIS data sources (GRID & TIN) Use all existing IDs and tools to minimize duplication of effortUse all existing IDs and tools to minimize duplication of effort

30. 30 Extending Arc Hydro Data Model More application specific “stuff”

31. 31 A set of tools that “exercises” the Arc Hydro modelA set of tools that “exercises” the Arc Hydro model –Integral with standard ArcGIS functionality Key field (property) managementKey field (property) management –HydroID & related IDs –Length/Area measures Core functionsCore functions –DEM-based watershed delineation –Network generation –Attribute and network tracing and summary operations Arc Hydro Tools Overview (1)

32. 32 Arc Hydro Tools Overview (2) Distribution (version 1.1)Distribution (version 1.1) –A toolbar with packaged menus and buttons –Supporting documentation/help –ArcGIS 8.3 and ArcGIS 9/9.1 versions –Licensing depends on functions used ApUtilitiesApUtilities –Set of utilities common to most ArcObject- based applications developed at ESRI Professional Services in water resources area Public domainPublic domain –Maintained by Professional Services @ ESRI

33. 33 Key Concepts Transitions between the raster and vector worlds – integrated operationsTransitions between the raster and vector worlds – integrated operations “Relationships between objects linked by tracing path of water movement”“Relationships between objects linked by tracing path of water movement” RasterNetworkVector Logical SchemaExtended Network

34. 34 Arc Hydro MenusArc Hydro Menus –Terrain Preprocessing –Terrain Morphology –Watershed Processing –Attribute Tools –Network Tools –ApUtilities –Buttons Arc Hydro Tools ButtonsButtons –Flowpath tracing –Point delineation –Batch point generation –Assign related identifier –Global point delineation –Trace by NextDownID

35. 35 Arc Hydro Tools Faces

36. 36 Demonstration Functionality available through core ArcGIS – take advantage of out-of-the-box functionalityFunctionality available through core ArcGIS – take advantage of out-of-the-box functionality –Domains –Relationships –Tracing Arc Hydro toolsArc Hydro tools

37. 37 Arc Hydro in Action Various entities/applicationsVarious entities/applications –StreamStats (USGS) –Debris flow predictions (USGS) –Map2Map (SARA) –GeoHMS/GeoRAS (HEC) –Engineering database design (SWFWMD) –Environmental modeling (SJRWMD) –Hydroperiod (SFWMD) –Statewide database (OMNR) –… MeetingsMeetings TrainingTraining

38. 38 Many Aspects of Arc Hydro Saxe, John Godfrey, 1963, “The Blind Man and the elephant”, New York: Whittlesley House Database design Application “Standard” Tools Marketing Development environment Elephant illustration ©2002 Jason Hunt www.naturalchild.org/jason

39. 39 Where’s Arc Hydro? Hydro model page at: support.esri.com/datamodelsHydro model page at: support.esri.com/datamodels Arc Hydro home page at GIS Water Resources Consortium at: www.crwr.utexas.edu/giswr/hydroArc Hydro home page at GIS Water Resources Consortium at: www.crwr.utexas.edu/giswr/hydro www.crwr.utexas.edu/giswr/hydro Dr.Maidment’s home page at: www.ce.utexas.edu/prof/maidmentDr.Maidment’s home page at: www.ce.utexas.edu/prof/maidment

40. 40 Data Model User Group Check out:Check out:http:/support.esri.com/datamodels Can be added to a data models user group list, and sent notifications about webcasts, training, publicationsCan be added to a data models user group list, and sent notifications about webcasts, training, publications

41. 41 Arc Hydro II Additional database design componentsAdditional database design components –Groundwater –Time series Updated “blue” bookUpdated “blue” book Advanced Arc Hydro trainingAdvanced Arc Hydro training

42. 42 Describing the Hydrologic Cycle Flow Time Time Series Flow Time Time Series Flow Time Time Series

43. 43 Review and Q & A Data model and toolsData model and tools Public domainPublic domain EstablishedEstablished Community developmentCommunity development Documentation and trainingDocumentation and training Get involved !!!Get involved !!!