2. The values are expressed in mg/L

3.  Biological treatment  To remove the organic matter and nitrogen  involve one or more of the following techniques:  activated sludge treatment  contact aeration  rotary disc

4.  deep shaft  oxidation ditch  trickling filter  aerated lagoon treatment  anaerobic biodegredation  an aerobic fixed film treatment

6. A leachate evaporation pond Landfill Leachate Treatment Plant

7.  physicochemical treatment  to removes/reduce COD, metal, suspended solid and colour  the process used are:  sedimentation with coagulation  sand filtration  ozone oxidation  Activated carbon adsorption  Chelating resin adsorption

9.  Landfill gas  the microbial degradation generate gaseous products.  methane production begins several month to one/two years after deposition  the rate of production depends on:  size and composition of solid waste  age of solid waste and landfill

10.  moisture contain  temperature conditions in landfill  quantity and quality of nutrients  organic contain of refuse  pH and alkalinity of liquids  presence of toxic or hazardous material

11.  gas production ranges from 1.3 to 1.7 L/kg/yr  the main component of the gas is CH 4 (55%), CO 2 (45%),  Biodegradation of solid waste could be describe under four phases:  the aerobic phase  hydrolysis and fermentation  anaerobic phase  decelerated methane production

12.  Biological treatment  Consists two main options  Composting (aerobic)  Biogasification (anaerobic)

13.  Definition Composting define as the biological degradation of the organic components of waste under controlled condition to produce a stable end product call compost

14.  Objectives biotreatment :  Volume reduction  Stabilization  Sanitisation  Valorisation

15.  composting of organic material generates CO2 and H2O.  Biogasification generates CH4, CO2, and H2O.  The final products of biotreatment are stable & could be use as fertilizer.  Composting is an exothermic process & max. temperature 60 -70 0 C

16.  The aerobic phase  in the presence of O 2,  oxygen & nitrogen are depleted while CO 2 increases  The phase lasts only a few days

17.  Hydrolysis and fermentation  biological polymers  Anaerobic phase  beginning of methane generation  bacteria (methanogens) responsible for degradation substances.

18.  decelerated methane production  concentrations of carboxylic acid decreases to below 100 mg/l.

19.  Gas monitoring  involve the monitoring of methane and other volatile organic compound.  Monitoring wells are installed within and around the landfill.  Two type of gas monitoring device can be use.  barhole probe  permanent probe

20.  Barhole probe  performe near structure or along the parameter of a landfill.  only obtain one time measurement of gas concentration at shallow depts.  permanent probe  located along the parameter of the landfill at location identify during the hydrogeology investigation  Periodically gas samples collected from these wells are analysed for methane contain & and other gas.

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