1. North Atlantic Treaty Organization
Introduction to NATO

2. NATO - Overview  What is NATO?  What does NATO do?
 How does NATO work?

3. What is NATO? 1.
A political organization (diplomacy, dialogue, cooperation) 2.
A military organization (defense, crisis management, capabilities) 3.
Member countries working together 4.
Sharing common values (democracy, heritage, peace/stability, freedom) 5.
The principle of collective defense

4. Collective Defense: Article 5 -
An armed attack against one or more members is considered as an attack against all
Article 5 of the Washington Treaty: « The Parties agree that an armed attack against one or more of them in Europe or North America shall be considered an attack against them all, and consequently agree that, if such an armed attack occurs, each of them, in exercise of their right of individual or collective self-defence recognised by Article 51 of the Charter of the United Nations, will assist the Party or Parties so attacked by taking forthwith, individually, and in concert with the other Parties, such action as it deems necessary, including the use of armed force, to restore and maintain the security of the North Atlantic area.

5. Member countries 28 2009 NEWEST Members: Albania & Croatia
1952 Greece, Turkey
1955 Germany
1982 Spain
1999 Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland
Bulgaria, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Romania,
Slovakia, Slovenia
Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Iceland,
Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway,
Portugal, United Kingdom, United States 28
1999
1982
1955
1952
1949
2004
2009 NEWEST Members: Albania & Croatia

7. Where is NATO headquarters?
Brussels, Belgium

8. What language is spoken at NATO?
Two languages are “official”- English and French

9. NATO’s Beginnings…
Introduction to NATO

10. The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) started as a military alliance consisting of the United States, Canada, and 14 countries in Europe.
Formed in 1949, NATO was set up to discourage an attack by the Soviet Union on the non-Communist nations of North America and Europe.

11. (NATO counties, 1950)

12. The Cold War… After World War II ended, a distrust developed between
Communist countries, led by the Soviet Union, and
Non-Communist nations, led by the United States.
This rivalry became known as the “Cold War.”

14. The Warsaw Pact
The Warsaw Pact was the Soviet response to the creation of NATO
Consisted of the Soviet Union and its six satellite countries in Eastern Europe
East Germany
Poland
Hungary
Czechoslovakia
Bulgaria
Romania
The Warsaw Pact no longer exists

15. North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
First peacetime alliance in U.S. history
No NATO member was ever attacked during the Cold War – it never had to use its military forces
An alliance of nations with shared values. All members are DEMOCRACIES
Has been the most important U.S. alliance for over 65 years

16. NATO’s Purpose Changes:
Cold War – Defend each other against Communist threat (1949)
End Cold War- fall of Communism in Europe & Soviet Union (1991)
Provide security and intervene in
regional conflicts, when needed (today)

17. What does NATO do? 1. Protects people 2. 1. Forges partnerships 3.
Builds peace and stability 4.
Combats new threats

18. NATO at WORK…
Introduction to NATO

19. Promotes dialogue & cooperation

20. Prevents conflicts through diplomacy

21. Helps to rebuild world areas in need

22. Paying for NATO? Voluntary Individuals’ contributions
Direct contributions from Member Nations
Voluntary Individuals’ contributions

23. NATO-Russia Council NATO-Russia Council
This was a RAPPROCHEMENT (reestablishing cordial relations/bringing together diverse political factions) between NATO and Russia
May 2002 – Both sides signed an agreement
Russia WILL:
Be given a say at the table with the 28 NATO members
Be an “equal partner” in discussions on key topics

24. NATO-Russia Council Russia WILL NOT: Be a member of NATO
Be bound by NATO’s defense pact
Have a veto over NATO’s decisions
Have a vote over NATO’s expansion

25. NATO and Russia
Relationship with Russia has been strained since the Georgia conflict in 2008
December 2009 NATO asked Russia for help in Afghanistan, requesting permission for the alliance to fly cargoes (including possibly military ones) over Russian territory to Afghanistan. They also asked Russia to provide more helicopters for the Afghan Armed Forces. Russia has so far denied these requests, although it has continued to allow transit of non-military supplies through its territory.
April 1, 2014 – due to situation in Crimea, Ukraine, NATO stated “we have decided to suspend all practical civilian and military cooperation between NATO and Russia…political dialogue can continue…we will review in June.”

26. The End

27. A definition of security
Political
Economic
Social
Environmental
Military

28. A Changing NATO…
Introduction to NATO

29. Building peace and stability
Crisis missions
Afghanistan
Kosovo
Iraq
Darfur (Sudan)
Iraq
Natural disaster relief efforts
Refugee crises
forest fires
floods
earthquakes, etc.

30. How Does NATO Work?

31. Consensus decision-making
An international
organization
where decisions are
discussed and
voted on by each
member country

32. Working to jointly plan military operations…

33. Member Nations Commit Troops to NATO Missions

34. Military or Relief Missions Carried Out

35. Actions Against Terrorism
NATO-Partner cooperation against terrorism
- intelligence-sharing
- cooperation in border security
- training exercises

36. NATO in Kosovo
Peacekeep force, June 1999
NATO air campaign (Operation Allied Force)

37. NATO in Afghanistan
International Security Assistance Force
Since 2003
Provides security for aid workers
Helps reconstruction work

38. NATO in Iraq Trains personnel from Iraqi security forces
NATO TRAINING MISSION
Trains personnel from Iraqi security forces
& coordinates equipment
from NATO partners,
since 2004
NATO TRAINING MISSION – IRAQ
trains personnel from Iraqi security forces
& coordinates offers of equipment and
training from individual NATO and partner
Countries

39. NATO in Sudan Members agree to assist Sudan by providing:
- training for military
- civilian relief

40. NATO-Russia Council Consultation on - struggle against terrorism
Defence reform
Consultation on
- struggle against terrorism
- crisis management
- arms control
- search & rescue at sea
- natural emergencies
Consultation on:
- struggle against terrorism
- crisis management
- non-proliferation
- arms control & confidence-building measures
- theatre missile defence
- search & rescue at sea
- military-to-military cooperation & defence reform
- civil emergencies
- new threats & challenges

41. Created for Edmond Schools
Introduction to NATO