1. Rick Allen

2. Its all about the basics….  Water  Food  Infrastructure  Diseases (both communicable and non- communicable)  Reproductive health  Environmental exposures  Waste  Governments

3. Water Supply and Quantity  Requirement = 15L/day  Source of illness (share source with livestock)  PH strategies: Shipping in fresh supplies Education (water treatment strategies) Upgraded facilities Constant testing

4. Nutrition, Malnutrition and Deficiency  Access and availability a primary concern Storage  Single species crops  Cultural issues  PH strategies: Introduction of external supplies Education Nutrient-rich supplements

5. Reproductive, Maternal and Neonatal Health  Decreased education and infrastructure (including professionals and supplies)  Increased maternal and newborn deaths  PH strategies: Education Professional intervention and aide

6. Communicable Disease  Linked to food, water, breakdown of infrastructure; difficult to combat  List of concerns is long and distinguished  VECTORS!!!!  PH strategies: Education Immunisation programs Bed net program Vector spraying/environmental manipulation Medications

7. Immunisations  Important part of PH teams entering an area  Can be costly  Break down in infrastructure can result in disruption of treatment and increased transmission

8. Non-communicable Disease  Lack of infrastructure leads to lack of treatment  The Big ones: HTN Obesity Diabetes Smoking-related illness

9. Environmental Exposures  Munitions and land mines  Hazardous work practices and ↓ controls  Inappropriate handling of hazardous materials  increase in public exposure  Road accidents  Broken infrastructure (physical hazards, syringes…)  Flora and fauna can be nasty  Noise, radiation, air pollution…

10. Environmental Exposures 2  PH Strategies: Call in the professionals Avoid at all cost Education Introduce effective controls

11. Lack of Infrastructure  Decreased services  Abuse of services still active  PH Strategies Aid agencies Contractors

12. Waste Management  Inappropriate storage/handling of wastes  Inappropriate management of specialised wastes (i.e. expired med supplies, biological products)

13. People  Governments Corruption Heavy population burdens  Refugee Migration Limited resources, exposure to new risk/disease  People are animals/stupid A given really.

14. References  http://www.who.int/whr/2010/en/index.ht ml http://www.who.int/whr/2010/en/index.ht ml  Obesity and Diabetes in the Developing World — A Growing Challenge, Parvez Hossain, M.D., Bisher Kawar, M.D., and Meguid El Nahas, M.D., Ph.D., N Engl J Med 2007; 356:213-215 January 18, 2007January 18, 2007  Uploaded doc = AWESOME