1. AAE 450 Spring 2008 Stephanie Morris 3/27/08 Propulsion Final Slides

2. AAE 450 Spring 2008 Propulsion Aircraft Launch White Knight was chosen as the aircraft carrier for our launch vehicle. Maximum AltitudeMaximum Payload Initial Launch Vehicle Velocity 15000 m3075 kg59.72 m/s White Knight Specifications: Cost Breakdown: Cost per hour ($/hr)Total Cost per launch $4,410$352,800 Assuming an 8 hour work day, 3 days for flight simulation and 7 days for launch preparation, the aircraft is leased for 80 hours.

3. AAE 450 Spring 2008 Propulsion Risk Analysis Hybrid Propellant Solid PropellantLiquid PropellantHybrid Propellant Mass of Propellant 0.12 %0.734 %0.854 % Mass flow rate1.0 %0.4923 %1.4923 % For hybrid propellants, we cannot find historical standard deviations. The two percent deviations for liquid and solid propellant are added together to calculate a hybrid propellant percent deviation. Percent Deviations for Each Propellant Type

4. AAE 450 Spring 2008 References Dietz, William E., Suhs, Norman E. “Pegasus User’s Guide”. Stuart E. Rogers NASA Ames Research Center. [www.orbital.com/NewsInfo/Publications/peg-user-guide.pdf] Heister, S., D., Davis, R., J., “Predicting Burning Time Variations in Solid Rocket Motors,” Journal of Propulsion and Power, Vol. 8, No. 3, 1992, pp. 568. Martin Company, “The Vanguard Satellite Launching Vehicle”, Engineering Report No.11022. April 1960, pp. 26, 208. Scaled Composites, “Tier One – Private Manned Space Program,” Scaled Composites LLC. [http://www.scaled.com/projects/tierone. Accessed 1/19/08-1/23/08.] Williams, Bob, Sales representative of Scaled Composites. “Email Conversation,” Dates 1/22/08 through 1/31/08. Propulsion

5. AAE 450 Spring 2008 Propulsion Existing Modifications White Knight L-1011-100 Stargazer F-15C/D Existing Launch Vehicle SpaceShipOnePegasusASM-135 AST Payload (kg)3,62936,8001,180 Altitude (m)15,24011,89011,582 Estimated Dimensioning 8.2 m length x 8.2 m span 17.1 m length x 7.9 m span 3.66 m length x.53 m span Assumption: Launch vehicle will be a similar shape to pre-existing vehicle and have the similar performance results.

6. AAE 450 Spring 2008 Propulsion Cost Analysis White Knight L-1011-100 Stargazer F-15C/D Leasing Cost $26,460 per launch* (@$4410/hr) Unavailable Purchase CostUnavailable $30,000,000$42,520,000 *Insurance Cost (White Knight)  Need $5 million coverage  $125,000 for 2 months of insurance  Does not include insurance needed for the launch vehicle

7. AAE 450 Spring 2008 Liquid Propellant – Percent Deviations Average Value Standard Deviation Percent Deviation Mass of Propellant 16,351 kg1200.734 Mass Flow Rate110.7 kg/s0.5450.4923 Risk Analysis